Admission essay sample
Wednesday, August 26, 2020
Exploration of One of the Many Health Care Resources
Todayâ⬠s medicinal services framework is in a consistent condition of change and upheaval. It is now and then hard for the human services shopper to recognize a significant asset when they need one. The reason for this paper is to investigate one of the numerous medicinal services assets that are accessible in the more noteworthy Philadelphia zone and afterward visit this site to get familiar with it. Philadelphia, in itself is an exceptional asset to the individuals of the territory. Regarding social insurance asset suggestions this is valid. There are various showing medical clinics, exhibition halls, facilities, and instructive focuses in this district. I decide to become familiar with Planned Parenthood, a notable association here just as broadly. After entering the facility I knew almost no about Planned Parenthood. It worked out that what I knew was just a small amount of what Planned Parenthood is actually about. As per the administrator and leader of PP, youngsters depend on Planned Parenthood to be honest, secret and non-critical. Ladies and men are thankful that it is a moderate asset, available to all, and conscious of all personsâ⬠choices. Patients fell safe there in light of the fact that they give safe clinical consideration via prepared experts. Guardians can feel a feeling of simplicity since they realize that their kids are learning right and important data concerning sex. The two givers and speculators can feel certain that their blessings are an interest in the wellbeing and prosperity of the men, ladies, and kids in their locale. This paper will hand-off the data got from the site visit to Planned Parenthood in Media, Pennsylvania. It will talk about the mission, administrations, and money related parts of Planned Parenthood. Statement of purpose. The strategic Planned Parenthood Southeastern Pennsylvania (PPSP) is to secure and improve conceptive opportunity, to expand access to regenerative social insurance administrations and data, and to advance sexual wellbeing. This crucial the establishment of PPSPâ⬠s administrations and projects that they offer to the roughly 43,000 men, ladies, and offspring of the Delaware Valley. Arranged Parenthood was found by an enlisted nurture named Margaret Sanger in the mid 1900â⬠³s. Her conviction and explanation behind establishing PP was this, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦ he first right of a youngster (is) to be needed, to be wanted, to be gotten ready for with a power of loveâ⬠¦ â⬠(Planned Parenthood, 1999). Sanger was worn out on watching ladies youthful and old kick the bucket from complexities of pregnancies because of absence of instruction and social insurance and was burnt out on observing undesirable pregnancies conveyed to term since ladies didn't have the foggiest idea about their choices. Her objective was to both instruct and accommodate these ladies the conceptive administrations that were important for what she called regenerative opportunity. Advantages of Planned Parenthood Planned Parenthood gives various projects and administrations to the individuals of Southeastern Pennsylvania. I talked with a lady named Megan (no last name was given). She educated me regarding these administrations and programs, and helped me to increase a superior comprehension of what PP truly is and does. Wellbeing Services. Arranged Parenthood offers their types of assistance to ladies just as men-it is an asset to be used by all. It is a typical misinterpretation that PP is for ladies as it were. They offer conceptive social insurance for men, ladies, and adolescents. They gracefully every FDA endorsed technique for reversible conception prevention. These incorporate regular family arranging techniques, Norplant, Depo-Provera, Birth control Pill, IUD (intrauterine gadget), condoms, Diaphragm, and cervical tops. Something that they offer is crisis contraception or the ââ¬Å"morning after pill. â⬠It diminishes the probability of getting pregnant considerably after the origination, since it diminishes the solid idea of the uterine divider. It is just viable inside seventy-two hours following origination. They additionally offer stroll in pregnancy testing, choices directing and referrals to fetus removal centers and reception organizations. In the Media office, there are three medical attendant specialists on staff who give total gynecological assessments including Pap tests. There is a doctor who is associated with their office; he comes in any event two times per month or upon arrangement to survey all cases. The NPâ⬠s give bosom wellbeing checks and show bosom self-assessments. Midlife administrations are accommodated menopausal ladies too hormone substitution treatment. Testing and treatment of explicitly transmitted contaminations for people and private and mysterious HIV/AIDS testing are accessible also. Arranged Parenthood performs first trimester premature births. They additionally offer various other wellbeing administrations, for example, cholesterol and pulse screening. Instructive administrations. PPSP offers instructive projects to pre-adolescents, youngsters, guardians, and parental figures on subjects of human sexuality, including medicinal services, family arranging, connections, and HIV/Aids. There are high schooler peer instruction bunches just as Latino people group workshops gave by bilingual/bicultural instructors. PPSP gives a total asset place (book shop and library) which gives an assortment of writing on proliferation social insurance, sexuality, and so on. Support. PPSP inclinations political activity for families/arranging and other conceptive medical problems by taking an interest in Lobby Days in Harrisburg and Washington. They are likewise engaged with letter composing efforts and news cautions to educate and propel the general population to turn out to be increasingly associated with conceptive social insurance issues. Expenses. The entirety of the above recorded administrations are accessible to all who enter the center at a little expense. The exemption is put forth in the defense of youngsters who are thirteen to seventeen; their administrations and contraception pills are offered at no charge. In every other case the expenses for these items and administrations are very low; for instance, a routine gynecological assessment assessments cost around thirty dollars. PP acknowledges most protection plans and Medicaid, including Keystone HMO, PA Blue Cross-Blue Shield, and Personal Choice. They acknowledge US Healthcare for surgeries as it were. Subsidizing Revenue. From July 1, 1996 to June 30, 1007, Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania got almost 6,000,000 dollars ($5,915,000) in income. This included almost $2. 5 million from tolerant wellbeing and careful administrations, 1. million from government awards and clinical help. Subsidizing Expenditures. In this equivalent monetary year, Planned Parenthoodâ⬠s all out costs (5,936,000) were in abundance of their income by twenty-one thousand dollars. They spent about tree million dollars for persistent wellbeing administrations and one million on surgeries. More than one fourth of a million was spent towards open data and promotion. Also, over a large portion of a million was spent on instruction and preparing. Different assets were spent for uncommon occasions, raising support, and organization. Toward the finish of the monetary report there are ten pages which list the names of the individuals who have made commitments to Planned Parenthood. These gifts go from $25,000 or more to $100. PP depends on the commitments of people, establishments, and organizations to help their tasks and exercises in Southeastern PA. All commitments made to PP are charge deductible (Annual Report). I took in an enormous sum from visiting Planned Parenthood. The entirety of the thoughts that I entered the center with were immediately refuted and constrained by the lady that I met. PP is a significant asset to all ladies, men, and teenagers that are keen on keeping up or improving their conceptive wellbeing, regenerative instruction, or their general wellbeing. This is an asset that doesn't get the exposure or acknowledgment that it merits. Ideally general society knows about what a benefit Planned Parenthood is and the amount they offer-more than I did before this venture. We in Southeastern Pennsylvania are fortunate to have PP to go to for instructive and medicinal services needs.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Modernization and Dependency essays
Modernization and Dependency papers Reliance is a procedure related with the economies of some Third World nations that is organized as far as outer variables. Reliance exists when a nation depends on a solitary (or a constrained not many) sends out that are offered to progressively industrialized nations, made and afterward exchanged to the nation of root at a greater expense. This implies a nation's salary from sends out is ceaselessly deficient to meet the expense of The idea of reliance hypothesis classifies nations into one of two types: prevailing and subordinate. Numerous officially colonized nations, (for example, India) were sorted out along this kind of monetary structure. The essential state was consequently the colonialist regulator and the reliant state was the state. Single fare economies were likewise normal inside the pilgrim arrange (think about espresso from Brazil or sugar from the Caribbean). Subordinate states incline toward a low for each capita GNP as immediate consequence of their reliance. The reliant states flexibly modest minerals, farming items, and modest work, and furthermore fill in as the storehouses of surplus capital, outdated advances, and produced merchandise. These capacities situate the economies of the needy states toward the outside: cash, products, and administrations do stream into subordinate states, yet the portion of these assets are dictated by the monetary interests of the prevailing states, and not by the monetary interests of the ward Monetary reliance is a consequence of direct intercession and control of the monetary structure in less fortunate nations. Industrialization is constrained because of outside control and mastery. These are nations that are abused to give explicit fare items and, or, modest work to the impediment of the local populace and the advantage of the predominant state. Strategically, ... <!
Friday, August 21, 2020
Word of the Week! Lollygag Richmond Writing
Word of the Week! Lollygag Richmond Writing What a word for the start of the semester. This is the time to work, not lollygag. Thanks to Luci Ortiz of Boatwright Library for this word. I was often accused of lollygagging by my mother, whenever I was to cut the grass or take out the trash, yet somehow found a way to delay the chore as long as possible. To teenaged me, there was no doubt what our strange-sounding term meant. An OED search reveals the word to be American slang, originating in the 19th Century. The usage frequency given is only 3 of 8: a real pity for such a colorful word. The earliest usage, from 1862 in Harpers, gives it as lallygag, and after that the word settled down to its present spelling, though the original spelling with the letter A continues into the 20th Century. I fear it wont live past the 21st. No one knows its origin. Best usage, from 1868: The lascivious lolly-gagging lumps of licentiousness who disgrace the common decencies of life by their love-sick fawnings at our public dances. So, slackers, stop dawdling, dilly-dallying, loafing, kicking the can down the road, and above all, do not lollygag. We have work to do. Please nominate a word or metaphor useful in academic writing by e-mailing me (jessid -at- richmond -dot- edu) or leaving a comment below. See all of our Metaphors of the Month here and Words of the Week here. Creative-Commons image courtesy of Quinn Dombrowski at Flickr.
Sunday, May 24, 2020
Understanding The Concepts Of Price, Quality And Value...
Zeithaml, 1988 discusses about the two parameters qualities and values. How are the perception about the quality and value is formed and they are similar across consumers and products and how the consumers relate quality, price, and value in their deliberations about products and services. The objective of this paper is to define the concepts of price , quality and value from the consumerââ¬â¢ perspective. To work on these objectives, a review of previous research was done by an exploratory investigation of quality and value in the product category of beverages (place). Company interviews, a focus group interview and 30 in-depth consumers interviews conducted and generated qualitative data. The interview was conducted in three metropolitan areas ââ¬â Southwest ,East coast and Midwest in USA. The conclusion is that the perception of consumer about the two parameter quality changes with time due to increased competition in a product category and change expectations. Due to the dynamic nature of quality the marketers must align product and promotion strategist with these changing views because products and perception change and the marketer may be able to educate consumers on a way to evaluate quality .Also the visible cues on the product can be used to evoke quality perception. Schaefer et.al,2010 discusses about differences between Chinese and U.S. consumersââ¬â¢ general attitudes towards ACEs(Athlete celebrity endorsers). He stated that celebrity endorsements to be an effectiveShow MoreRelatedThe Components Of Perceived Value1380 Words à |à 6 PagesContents CONCEPT 1 COMPONENTS OF PERCEIVED VALUE 1 IMPORTANCE 2 EXAMPLES OF CUSTOMER PERCEIVED VALUE: 3 1. AUSTRALIAN COFFEE OUTLET INDUSTRY 3 2. ROLEX 3 3. MCDONALDââ¬â¢S 4 4. NIKE 4 CONCLUSION: 4 REFERENCES 5 ââ¬Æ' Customer Perceived Value CONCEPT Perceived value is defined as the difference between how customers analyze the benefits of product or service and cost associated with that and other alternatives available in the market (Kotler, 2011). It is critical for organizationââ¬â¢s to recognize the perceivedRead MoreIntegration Of Faith And Learning1076 Words à |à 5 Pages690 Liberty University August 22, 2015 In order to truly understand the aspect of value, there needs to be understanding of a corporations and individuals stock evaluation methods (worth), and value proposition. Just as organizations are built to produce wealth for shareholders, individuals are equally created by God to generate value throughout the world. In order to successfully value a business through its stock evaluation methods (wealth), it would be feasible that financial analystRead MoreContents. Introduction2. Definition Of Marketing2. 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The four Ps must work together and if any on the Ps fail, the entire marketing mix is in fault state. Assuming that if we have allRead MoreA Business Model And Failed Essay1663 Words à |à 7 Pagesamazing products yet, they too, still failed. So what distinguishes a company that only survives from one that truly thrives? As you will see, the key distinguishers in todayââ¬â¢s global economy are all associated with excellence in supply chain management. Specifically, being great at a particular phase of the supply chain spectrum creates significant business value which distinguishes one company from the others. In the cradle-to-grave life cycle of a product or service, the supply chain impactsRead MoreMarketing Orientation Has Evolved And Shifted1486 Words à |à 6 PagesOver the years, marketing orientation has evolved and shifted. At first, when the production concept was found, firms were primar ily production-orientated meaning they were more focused on the production, manufacturing, and efficiency issues than the customers [4]. The orientation assumes that consumers will favour products that offer the most quality, performance and features and that the organisation s objectives will be most readily achieved by a concentration on these [5]. Narrow product linesRead MoreRelationship Between Marketing And Customer Value1525 Words à |à 7 PagesThis paper aims to explain the relationship between marketing and customer value and their relevance when promoting and ensuring customer satisfaction. It will discuss marketing as a business philosophy and its importance in organisations. The concept of customer value will also be examined and its significance to the success of a product. Throughout the paper, the Apple Watch will be drawn on to further explore the concepts and to put them into context. Marketing has been defined in a number of
Thursday, May 14, 2020
The Things I Know Nothing At All A Little Thing From...
The title of my project is called The Things I Know Nothing at All: A Little Thing from Experience. The genre is diverse and falls under the categories of prose poetry, micro fiction, or creative non-fiction. It is inspired by Anne Carsonââ¬â¢s Short Talks where she analyzes different subjects that are interconnected on a grander scheme. I used Janet Burrowayââ¬â¢s Imaginative Writing: the Elements of Craft to create my creative non-fiction piece and to develop its subjects. The goal of my project is to offer a different perception on subjects that are deemed irrelevant, but present an insight that shows a collective meaning. The genre of creative nonfiction is evolving and hot publications such as Penguin Random House and Fourth Genre are taking advantage of it. Creative Nonfiction Magazine deems Penguin Random House a top publisher for creative nonfiction because of best seller Unbroken: A World War II Story by Laura Hillenbrand. Its website houses Vintage International Series, which is founded in literary fiction and also published Anne Carsonââ¬â¢s Planiwater: Essays and Poetry. Annette Gendler, a writer and photographer, who has published in the Wall Street Journal and Tablet Magazine rates Fourth Genre against the criteria of winning either a 2010 Pushcart for Nonfiction or Best American Essay of 2010. She also excluded venues who did not allow simultaneous submissions. Fourth Genre among the other eleven publishers mentions that they are looking for innovative work that isShow MoreRelated The Folly of Renà © Descartesââ¬â¢ Discourse on Method and Meditations on First Philosophy1462 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Folly of Renà © Descartesââ¬â¢ Discourse on Method and Meditations on First Philosophy In order to embark on his quest for truth, Descartes first devises his four rules which should serve as a solid foundation for all else that he comes to understand. Those rules are here evaluated in terms of what they fail to take into consideration. The rules are examined individually and consecutively, and are therefore also reiterated in order to be clear about them. Furthermore, the approach of usingRead MoreThe Key Ideas of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God1061 Words à |à 5 Pagesargument because it is based upon experience. Thomas Aquinas puts the key ideas into 3 ways. First way is, motion/change. Nothing can move by itself or change itself. The first thing to have moved must have been moved by something else and that thing therefore must be God. â⬠It is certain and evident to our senses, that in the world some things are in motion. Now whatever moves is moved by another. It is therefore impossible that, a thing should be both mover and moved. If Read MoreEssay on Friendship and Change957 Words à |à 4 Pages Oh, I think I see her. Is it? Yes thatââ¬â¢s her. Finally, after three long months my best friend, of 18 years, has finally returned to me. Thatââ¬â¢s actually the way I felt. Her and I have a strange relationship. Iââ¬â¢ve always considered her mine and she pretty much owned me too. It had worked really well for the both us, until now. Running past me without even a second glimpse she jumped full force into the arms of her older brother. The three of us had always been like peas in a pod so I wasnââ¬â¢tRead MoreExamples Of Forrest Gump Essay1061 Words à |à 5 Pagesââ¬Å"Life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what youre going to get.â⬠Forrest Gump said in the movie (Forrest Gump, 1994). We never know what life is going to give us. So every day is something we really dont know about until we actually live it. The same is true of a persons career plan. We canââ¬â¢t design every step of our careers just like designing delicate watches, but we can try our best in daily work and study to be better men. Thatââ¬â¢s the necessity of career planning. Exactly as a ChineseRead MoreThe Day My Baby Was Born1138 Words à |à 5 PagesSaturday, May 21, 2016 that I realized what the true feeling of unconditional love was. The moment a parent looks into his or her childââ¬â¢s eyes there is just so muc h love itââ¬â¢s unbelievable. People think they know what love is when they love a significant other, family member, or a close friend; however, that love is nothing compared to the love a parent experiences the day his or her child is born. That is the love I felt the moment I placed my beautiful baby boy on my chest. I will never forget the momentRead MoreThe Importance Of Friendship In The Joy Luck Club1220 Words à |à 5 PagesThe article I chose for the friendship theme is ââ¬Å"The Importance of friendshipâ⬠by Saul Levine M.D. I chose this article because in The Joy Luck club friendship is one of most important thing they value. Its very evident with the thing they do and say to each other. Some of there oldest close friends have been an important part of their life. In the article they talk about how friends are turning out to be progressively vital to wellbeing as individuals age. ââ¬Å"We are a social species and we need thatRead MoreLisas Ritual a Poetry Essay1534 Words à |à 7 PagesSeptember 8, 2009 I. The poem that I chose to write about for my assignment is ââ¬Å"Lisaââ¬â¢s Ritual, Age 10 by Grace Carolyn Bridges. The reason I chose this poem is because as soon as I read it, I immediately felt drawn to this poem, something that seems important when connecting with a piece of work. The poem appears to focus on a young girl named Lisa, and her experience with incest between herself her father. It touches not only on that experience, but how it makes this little girl feel, andRead MoreThe Positive Side Of Life Without Baggage Or Drama Essay1055 Words à |à 5 Pagesresponding to my email I ve read your mail several times and just can t figure where to start with you as I m clearly not in this. Your mail carries so much negativity and at this point in my life, I m trying to look only at the positive side of life without baggage or drama. You should know there s no second time to make a first impression as your first impression matters a lot. How can you be talking of being real or fake when you haven t met me or read more than a couple lines from me. How can youRead MoreApplication Essay - Original Writing1250 Words à |à 5 Pageswho care about going, who will stop at nothing to try and get in. Writing and rewriting their essay to make sure itââ¬â¢s perfect, checking to make sure they answered all the questions correctly. So, what is it that makes them want to go? I mean, letââ¬â¢s be real, it ââ¬â¢s a week from school at the largest island on the largest freshwater lake. But this isnââ¬â¢t just a no-school no-work vacation. Thereââ¬â¢s a curriculum going around, and weââ¬â¢re not going to go to this thing and waste our lives swimming and tanningRead MoreTaoism in the Modern World Essay1207 Words à |à 5 Pageswoods. Ever since I began reading about Taoism I have change my point of view about life. ââ¬Å"Not seeing desirable things prevents confusion of the heartâ⬠(Tao). This line in itself has taught me to not look at life as objects but to look at it as a gift. People today have lost touch with what is really important about living. No one goes around smiling anymore. I can remember as a child seeing people smile all the time, maybe that was because I was young and did not see a lot of people. I believe that if
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Beethovenââ¬â¢s 8th Symphony, 4th Movement Narrative - 2154 Words
November 30, 2011 The Not so Little Symphony Classical music has many purposes: it can move the listener with different emotions, it can relate to an occasion, or tell a story. For Beethoven, having a storyline in musical pieces was significant, through the chords and notes he conveyed struggles that related to him and could be linked to the general public. Whether it was a physical struggle or a social struggle, most of Beethovenââ¬â¢s earlier pieces evoke a protagonist that had to overcome an obstacle, which through persistence and determination became victorious, but we see that changing as Beethoven moves to his later period. Instead of having a protagonist struggling to achieve heroism, the struggle becomes more about whether fate wasâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦It would be as if the second theme was screaming or calling at the first theme, but the first theme is unable to hear In light of Beethovenââ¬â¢s own deafness, there is obviously considerable irony here. The c-sharp may be taken as an indication of deafness , more specifically, of Beethovenââ¬â¢s own deafness, just like the c-sharp in the Eroica symphony. Rather than a potential tragedy to be heroically overcome by the protagonist, an interaction conflict is taken here as a source of humor and Beethoven shows the first glimpse of the continuous mocking this movement will have against heroism. At this point we are still puzzled of the irrelevant roaring of the c-sharp. Finally after much irritating battles the pushy c-sharp leads eventually to the f-sharp minor in the coda. The unconfident first theme that we hear in the exposition gradually becomes more heard and self-assured which ultimately becomes the F-major we see in the coda. The start of gradual unification of the two themes shown in the beginning of the development shows the gradual merging between heroism and divinity. In the coda the themes are unified and instead of sounding like two different themes competing against one another, they now sound like one continuous them e. This F-major resembles the storyline of the skilled, crippled alienated god of fire. Being so similar, it is practical to assume that the protagonist can also be the fallen god Hephaestus in the fourth movement of the eighth symphony.
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
International Management Political Attitudes and Democracy
Question: Discuss about the International Management: Political Attitudes and Democracy. Answer: 1. The top five biggest management challenges that the international management firms face are as follows, Attracting and developing the new clients It has been seen that 72% of all the professional services actually cite generating new business to be their most prioritized challenge (McFarlin Sweeney, 2014). In management consulting world, the new business need is noted over three times more the respondents than the challenge which is second highest. Dealing with competitive marketplace or difficult economy The competitive pressure signs are been echoed in the challenge of the second business which is named just above 25% respondents in the industry of management consulting. It has been seen that the competition has heated up as several international companies have increased their efforts (Ruigrok Van Tulder, 2013). Many firms are continuing to look for other opportunity in the economic sluggishness. Finding and keeping the good people Searching and retention of the best people has become a major challenge for the management firms. To fight for the best talent has always been a challenge to business. Innovating new ideas The companies have focused to innovate at higher level than other industries (Cavusgil et al., 2014). For staying competitive, the companies should show their expertise and thought process. Strategic issues Coordination of all the activities starting from developing new client to continuous innovation is a key concern for the firms. For contending pressures, the companies should make efficient approaches in their strategy through effective utilization of available resources which is a major challenge. The international firms should hire qualified professionals who will make promotional strategies to attract and develop new clients. The firms should make rigorous market research to understand the exact condition for dealing the economy (Galliers Leidner, 2014). The company should keep expert HR people who will recruit dedicated professionals and provide good monetary and non monetary facilities to retain them. The firms should idealize those companies who have given innovative ideas and are able to mitigate strategic issues. 2. The two forms of political risks are the macro and micro level political risks. The political risks of macro level affects a countrys all participants. The local, regional and national events of politics often mean that events at local levels have the follow on effects for the macro level stakeholders. It includes actions of government currency, changes in regulation, declarations of war (Pastor Veronesi, 2013). It also affects the companies who are been operating in the nations and the result of the political risk of macro level are like the confiscation which causes the business propertys seize. The political risks in the micro level are risks which are project specific. These risks are more in local business favor rather than the international organizations that operate in the nation. The process of risk includes the government review committee, which is project specific on the United States Foreign Investment, the project, assets nationalization, and the dangerous politically strong local partners selection (Almond Verba, 2013). The risk is also relevant for the decision making of government project where the initiatives can be complicated due to the risk result. The four steps that the firms should take to deal with the risks are as follows, Identification of the risks. Measuring the exposure Mitigation of the risks. Monitoring the risks (Giuliani Macchi, 2014). 3. In the multinational companies, if abuses regarding human rights take place in the foreign countries, then the management board will make discussion with the foreign government so that they will take remedial actions for mitigation of such evil practices. The directors of the companies should make a consultation with the government authorities to make legislations in favor of human rights that if someone in the company does such activities will be strictly penalized and terminated without any delay (Ruggie, 2014). The government should support them in further the further trial of the convicted. The companies should not opt for the attempt of giving bribery to the foreign government as it is an unethical means of practice and will be risky of the government treats it to be an offensive activity. They can think of inducing such attempts of the government allows such practice such as Brazil. The other questionable practices can be counseling the employee who has made the human right abuse or making a compromise between the employee who has abused and the one who has suffered (Wetzel, 2016). A further questionable practice can be providing money to the abused as compensation so that he will withdraw his complains for a peaceful settlement. The companies should involve themselves in case of human right abuse to the fullest extent as the mishap take place in between their employees. They should remain engaged until coming to a justified solution. They should remain involved in providing solutions to the human right abuse from top to bottom, as it is their prime corporate social responsibility (Samovar et al., 2014). They should remain involved to maintain a clean and peaceful corporate life with security to their employees. 4. The effect of cultural context in cross-cultural interactions is all about the cultural difference that takes place between the people while communicating each other, which can hurt each others sentiments (Peretz, 2013). Each person actually represents their cultural value while interacting with the others. If there is a cultural difference between the persons who are making business negotiations then there will be an impact in both of the persons mind. It can be possible in case of meetings or can be in the firms human practices as a whole. For an example, of a business negotiation takes place in a meeting between two persons belonging from Australia and France then a cultural difference lies between them (Medved et al., 2013). The official language Australia is English whereas of France, its French. If the employee of Australia speaks to the French employee in English language then it can hurt the sentiments of the French as there is no such space for him to communicate in French. Therefore, the French can have a barrier in accepting the opinions of the Australian employee. In case of an Australia based company having their branch office at France, there is a high chance that employees working in the office are French. But as per the rules in the head office, there is rule imposed by the HR authority to use English language in the branch office at France (Ting-Toomey Chung, 2012). This can also hurt the sentiments of the French employees working in the branch as they are unable to communicate in their mother tongue though working in their native land. 5. The spoken communication presents challenges to the non-native communicators for the following reasons, The accent of the language in which they are communicating is different and is not properly understood in the both end. Communicators in the both end may use different language as their mother tongue which can create a huge barrier for communication (Vaara et al., 2012). The formal speeches used in one end during communication may not be a practice of the other, which can hurt the sentiments of the first one. The written communication presents challenges for the causes given below, Various nations use various forms of same language while writing. For an instance, the formalities used in writing English in UK is not acceptable to the people in US as they dont prefer formal English but like to write the language in casual way (Goetsch Davis, 2014). Such casual writing may hurt the sentiments of the people of UK. Moreover, Shakespeare English used in France is not properly understandable by the people in Asian countries. Natives using different languages as mother tongue face difficulties while communicating through a common language in written if they dont have enough knowledge in that language (Cummings Worley, 2014). The other side may not understand such written standards. 6. The conflicts or misunderstandings in cross culture may take place in case if there are differences in culture. The causes of cultural conflict in the international management are as follows, The conflict or misunderstandings that take place between the religious or ethnic groups or different natives. The ignorance in culture and the case of insensitivity that exists in organizations. People have lack of awareness in different societal lifestyle practices (Rothaermel, 2015). People have different cultural practice. People have differences in perception of illness and its treatment. There is a miscommunication and misinterpretation among the people regarding concepts of cultural practices (Terpstra, Foley Sarathy, 2012). People who belong to different nations have different cultural views. If they work with each other in a company then chances are there for differences between them. Several nations have their own personal religions, which can make people to get involved in cultural conflict. People who belong to different cultural practices if dont have ample respect to each other can pass comments which can eventually hurt others sentiment (Antras, 2014). Their procedure of work can be different which can be misinterpreted or misunderstood by the others. 7. The five steps in the process of the development of international strategy for a company are as follows, Analyzing the strength and weakness of the company regarding growth in the international level The analysis is done for the preparation of the objective presentation as per the capabilities of the company regarding international growth (Banks, 2015). The issue is the analyzing the companys present products competitive advantage. Analyzing the position and strength of the competitors A proper identification of the companys competitors should be done along with their line of products. A rigorous analysis should be done on their weakness and strengths (Antras, 2014). A requirement is there for the information stating how the competitors have made penetration in the markets abroad. Selecting the markets which are been targeted The necessary screening can provide result in the prospective nations for which the potential of the market has been estimated roughly (Rothaermel, 2015). There should be an inclusion of the specific parameters of the market, which can turn the products for decision making and evaluation purpose. Selecting the modes for entry The mode for entering the target market can be selected on the basis of marketing and financial risk, the financial return to be expected in relation to cost, desired management controls degree. Deciding the strategy of international business at the workshop of the top management The management of top level will make the evaluation for the options of varieties (Cummings Worley, 2014). They will take the decision on the issues regarding strategy of desired business for the growth in international level. 8. The advantages and disadvantages of the foreign market entry options are as follows, Advantages There is feedback of good information from the target market, which makes the development of better relationships with the buyers (Goetsch Davis, 2014). A controlling of foreign market selection is there which will make a choice for the companies representing abroad nations. A better protection is there in case of the patents, trademarks, goodwill and the property, which was intangible (Vaara et al., 2012). It is realized that the market has the potentiality to have a greater sales and profit, which is a kind of indirect exporting. Disadvantages In case of foreign market entry, a greater requirement of information always becomes existent. There is a requirement of investments, which are higher in case of resources, time and personnel (Ting-Toomey Chung, 2012). There is higher risks and higher costs for start up of business which is opposed to the exporting in indirect mode. There are also a chance of longer time-to-market which is opposed to the indirect export business. 9. The pros and cons associated with the various organizational structure in the international management firms are as follows, Pros The structures are cost efficient (Medved et al., 2013). It makes promotion of making faster decisions. It provides a communication, which is clear. It has a requirement of supervision and less dominance (Peretz, 2013). Cons A sharp chance lies there that the management can loose their control. There can be a struggling effort between work and relationship. A creation of power struggle can take place. It makes the retention of the employee to be difficult (Samovar et al., 2014). It can make a hindrance of the growth. A lesser amount of motivation can take place. It can make results for the confusion of roles. 10. The difficulties that are been faced by the multinationals with regard to the issues of cross cultural leadership are as follows, Understanding the difference in peoples behavior from expectation The behavior of common people is their values expression that they manage people from other culture. They have to understand their behavior (Wetzel, 2016). Development of a proper understanding is one of the biggest challenging task that the managers are facing. Avoiding to get frustrated and angry A rigorous comparison is always been made in case of the behavior of the people with values and norms. If there is a sense of behavior to accept then it will be accepted otherwise it will be rejected (Ruggie, 2014). Such rejection tends to hostility and frustration towards the behavior of employee. Providing motivation to a team, which is culturally diversified Motivation has a close relation to culture. A factor that is motivating in one culture can be de-motivating to the other. Achieving the efficiency of desired level It is difficult for reaching the desired efficiency level in a team having cultural variations as maximum time gets spent to sort out the misunderstandings or setting the expectations and making all person for pursuing the same goals (Giuliani Macchi, 2014). Lack of training to manage a team of cultural diversification The managers of cross culture can have the feeling they require for managing tools and leading a team which is culturally diversified. 11. The problems associated with evaluation of employee performance are as follows, Bias of the rater. Influence of the events that occurred recently. Make a rating in the middle. Make a focus in the negative side. Surprises, which are unwanted (Almond Verba, 2015). Infrequent feedback. Improper assessment of the actual performance. Assessment done without data. Lack of accountability. The problems are been complicated by international settings through following ways, Lack of understanding of the international performance management. Inability to analyze the areas on the basis of skills and other traits for appraisal in the international level (Pastor Veronesi, 2013). Lack of understanding of the conflicting role expectation from organizational groups of diversified culture. Analyzing appraiser varieties in international level of performance appraisal and determination of who will make the appraisal (Galliers Leidner, 2014). 12. The advantages associated with cultural diversity in groups are as follows, The gender and racial diversity are found for positively contributing to sales, profits and customers. The racial diversity can make an influence on the market share (Cavusgil et al., 2014). The companies can increase their creativity through encouragement of diversified opinions and perspectives. The disadvantages are, The company that makes recruitment and makes employment of diversified workforce should create a culture promoting respect and dignity for avoiding the tension between the employees. There will be an adverse effect in communication if the first language of the employee is not English (Ruigrok Van Tulder, 2013). The existing employees will leave the organization if there is a prevention of their personal prejudices from working with the colleagues having different background. While making investigation of the employee complaints for the negative attitudes can acquire a huge time of the management (McFarlin Sweeney, 2014). References Almond, G. A., Verba, S. (2015).The civic culture: Political attitudes and democracy in five nations. Princeton University Press. Antras, P. (2014). 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(2014).International Management: Strategic Opportunities Cultural Challenges. Routledge. Medved, D., Franco, A., Gao, X., Yang, F. (2013). Challenges in teaching international students: group separation, language barriers and culture differences. Pastor, ., Veronesi, P. (2013). Political uncertainty and risk premia.Journal of Financial Economics,110(3), 520-545. Peretz, H. (2013). Information Technology Systems in the Human Resource Management Area. InGlobal Trends in Human Resource Management(pp. 214-236). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Rothaermel, F. T. (2015).Strategic management. McGraw-Hill. Ruggie, J. G. (2014). Global governance and New Governance Theory: Lessons from business and human rights.Global Governance,20(1), 5-17. Ruigrok, W., Van Tulder, R. (2013).The logic of international restructuring: The management of dependencies in rival industrial complexes. Routledge. Samovar, L., Porter, R., McDaniel, E., Roy, C. (2014).Intercultural communication: A reader. Cengage Learning. Terpstra, V., Foley, J., Sarathy, R. (2012).International marketing. Naper Press. Ting-Toomey, S., Chung, L. C. (2012).Understanding intercultural communication. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Vaara, E., Sarala, R., Stahl, G. K., Bjrkman, I. (2012). The impact of organizational and national cultural differences on social conflict and knowledge transfer in international acquisitions.Journal of Management Studies,49(1), 1-27. Wetzel, J. R. M. (2016). Targeting Corporate Human Rights Conduct from a Multinational Perspective. InHuman Rights in Transnational Business(pp. 105-147). Springer International Publishing.
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