Lord of the Flies :: essays research papers

By comparing and contrasting the characters of jackfruit tree and Ralph it allows the reader to fully understand their characters and how each develops throughout the novel. in one case this has been achieved the reason the rivalry occurs becomes evident and the novels most important qualities and themes emerge from these two characters. It is then that we are able to see why Ralph and Jacks friendship lav never develop into anything but rivalry.Throughout the novel we see that Ralph and Jack share similar qualities, but there is a great difference in the way they use these attributes to advance both themselves and others. Ralph uses his power to create a democracy, where each person has the in force(p) to voice their opinions and ideas.Ill give the conch to the next person to s height.He can hold it when hes speaking...and he wont be interrupted.The conch becomes a symbol of the right of a speaker to a fair hearing. While Jack uses his authority to produce a fascist, hostile en vironment where he controls the doings of his tribe. Tomorrow we shall head for the hills and He said we werent to let you in.Whilst both characters have the chance to exercise their power, both do so in a disparate way, with Ralph aiming to benefit the group as a whole, and Jack himself profiting from his actions. Ralph and Jack begin the novel with similar beliefs, both wanting to implement rules. I agree with Ralph. Weve got to have rules and imitate them.Ralph concentrates on being rescued and Jack goes along with this taking on the responsibility that he and his choir will mind the fire. Well be responsible for be yearns the fire going-, but while Ralph remains focused on being rescued, Jacks newfound interest in hunting leads him to forget roughly rescue. Jack had to think for a moment before he could remember what rescue was. Rescue? Yes, of course All the same, Id like to get a line a pig first-.As the story evolves, so to do Ralph and Jacks different opinions.The press ure on Ralph and Jacks different ideas peak when Jack forgets about his responsibilities in order to hunt. When Ralph tells Jack a ship had passed, and Jack had let the fire go out, because he had been hunting, all Jack can say is You should have seen the blood Now Jack is faced with two choices. There was the brilliant world of hunting, tactics, fierce exhilaration, skill and there was the world of longing and baffled commonsense.

The Duchess and the Jeweller :: Literary Analysis, Virginia Woolf

The Duchess and the Jeweller by Virginia Woolf is a short story about Oliver, a poor man who has constitute a successful jeweler, and his interaction with a Duchess. In the story, Oliver struggles with the Duchess over social power, where she has the ability to cheat him by selling him fake pearls in exchange for a weekend spent with her missy whom he is in love with a classic battle of the sexes. While the conflict between man and woman is evident, Virginia Woolf uses flashback, channelize of view and imagery to also convey the dispute between the rich and the poor. Oliver is first introduced as a man who lives very well with the right brandies, whiskeys and liqueurs (Woolf 90), in a house where a more central position could not be imagined (90). He is a man of power who has his breakfast brought in on a try by a manservant (90) and receives invitations from duchesses, countesses, viscountesses and Honourable Ladies (90). When the Duchess first arrives to see him, he has h er wait for ten minutes, displaying that he, a jeweller, has the authority to make her wait. However, Woolf uses flashback to display the key battle of the rich and the poor. The reader sees that Oliver came from less fortunate roots where he sold stolen dogs and cheap watches. While superficially it may seem that he has the Duchess of Lambourne, daughter of a hundred Earls ( 93) wait because he has the masculine power to have her wait to see him, Woolf introduces the idea that Oliver, the impecunious boy who earned his wealth, has the Duchess, a woman whose wealth was inherited, wait for his pleasure. While we see the struggle of control between Oliver and the Duchess, the reader also observes Olivers induces dominance over him. victimization flashback, Woolf shows that as a child when he was swindled while selling stolen dogs, his mother disapprovingly wails, Oh, Oliver When will you have sense, my son? (90). Later, Oliver talks to a picture of his mother saying, I have wo n my bet (91) while reminiscing about his past as a indigent boy in a filthy brusk alley (90) and reflecting on his success. This shows that he has something to prove to his mother, that he is still constrained by her and her thoughts of him.

An Analysis of McDonalds Essay -- essays research papers

The number unrivaled fast-food chainMcDonalds is the worlds leading food service retailer with to a greater extent than 30,000 local restaurants in 121 countries serving 45 million customers each(prenominal) day.The McDonalds History Raymond Albert Kroc 1902-1984, A SalesmanRay Kroc mortgaged his home and invested his entire life savings to conk the exclusive distributor of a five-spindled milk shake maker augured the Multimixer. Hearing about the McDonalds hamburger stand in California running eight Multimixers at a time, he packed up his car and headed West. It was 1954. He was 52 years old.Where it all began, Des Plaines, Illinois Ray Kroc opened the Des Plaines restaurant in 1955. First days revenues-$366.12 Its no longer a functioning restaurant, the Des Plaines building is now a museum containing McDonalds memorabilia and artifacts, including the Multimixer Ronald McDonald, In Any Language He style "Fun" "The smile known around the world," Ronald McDonald is second only to Santa Claus in terms of recognition. In his first TV appearance in 1963, the happy merry andrew was portrayed by none other than Willard Scott. Fred Turner And Ray Kroc, Architects Of A Dream Ray Kroc and Fred Turner study the design which would replace the red and tweed tile buildings that had become landmarks throughout the United States. Called Krocs first "grill man extraordinaire," Turner is today Senior Chairman of the Board. McDonalds Comes To Wall Street In 1965 McDonalds went creation with the companys first offering on the stock exchange. A hundred shares of stock costing $2,250 dollars that day would have multiplied into 74,360 shares today, worth over $2.8 million on December 31, 1998. In 1985, McDonalds was added to the 30-company Dow Jones Industrial Average. A Big Idea Called "Big Mac" Introduced system wide in 1968, the Big Mac was the brainchild of Jim Delligatti, one of Ray Krocs earliest franchisees, who by the late 1960s opera ted a dozen stores in Pittsburgh. The Egg McMuffin Introduced in 1973, the Egg McMuffin was developed by owner means Herb Peterson. The First Ronald McDonald House in Philadelphia, PA In 1974, Fred Hill of the Philadelphia Eagles teamed up with McDonalds to create Ronald McDonald House. The families of critically ill children have a place to call home while theyre away from home as the young patients und... ...season.Video/DVD/MusicThe McKids entertainment series provides an energetic, engaging and fun experience for children. unlike typical videos for children that are more passive, the McKids Video series will get kids on their feet to join in the action. Fueled with contemporary, hip music and hosted by Ronald McDonald, each 30 minute active action show will take kids on interactive adventures, interspersed with energetic music videos. Kids may learn about teamwork in a participatory soccer segment, or experience the galaxy as they magically zoom through space. They will also learn about children who live in different parts of the world.BooksThe McKids Books Series introduces a new line of interactive books to engage, entertain, educate and enlighten kids. The books teach and encourage kids to be creative, and make rendition and learning fun.Referenceshttp//www.mcdonalds.comhttp//www.shareholder.com/mcd/stock.cfm?period=12http//www.mcdonalds.com/corporate/press/corporate/2003/11132003/index.htmlSociology, A Global Perspective, Fifth Edition, Joan Ferrante, Northern Kentucky University, Copyright 2003 WadsworthFortune 2001 Foreign Policy 2001 McDonalds Corporation 2001

Ethical Issues and Issues of Sensitivity in Sociological Research Essay

Ethical Issues and Issues of Sensitivity in Sociological Research Ethical issues be the considerations that can have an important influence on the enquiry process. They are moral principles- beliefs about what is right and wrong, which often guide research. Sociological associations in some(prenominal) countries have a set of ethical guidelines for conducting research. There are six main ethical issues I will explore them below. Sensitive issues are issues that exact to be dealt with tactfully because of their subject matter. This could include subjects such as death, health issues, sex etc. These are potentially sensitive subjects as the people being researched may have had an unpleasant situation with them. The first ethical issue I will investigate is informed consent. This is the idea that those the research workers are poring over should be given the opportunity to agree or refuse to authorityicipate in the research. This means covert observa tion could not take place, as this involves not letting people know they are being observed. Informed consent means that the researcher must provide information about the aims of the research, what the conduct of the research involves and the purpose to which the research will be put. This issue was raised when James Patrick did his research on A Glasgow Gang Observed. This involved him becoming part of a gang, only one member of the gang knew he was a researcher undercover. From spending time with the group, he gained information about what they did, what their attitudes were and how furthest they were willing to go e.g. breaking the law. This research did not involve informed consent, as the majority of ... ...o depends on what sort of person the researcher is, are they passing principled? Or are they willing to cut a few corners to make their research easier or more accurate? How strict a researcher is can definitely benefit/ruin their research. Tel ling the complete truth to participants about the research could undermine the research or cause research problems, as if the participants know they are being observed it could cause them to act very differently. A lot of issues are not straightforward, some conflict and often lack a great deal of thought put into them. To do completely accurate and valid research, the balance between respecting participants privacy, not deceiving them, being careful not to put them at risk of harm and making sure the data collected is true has to be right, and this is a difficult balance to get.

The Role of Media Bias in American Society Essay -- Media News Reporti

The Role of Media Bias in American SocietyOne of the major problems in the American media today is non-objective reporting which is also known as influence. This has been a trend since the early 1980?s and is very alarming for American citizens who watch the tidings for the true and honest reporting. Not only has bias been a problem in the broadcast media of ABC, NBC, and CBS, but it has also been a problem in mainstream newspapers such as The New York Times, The Sun, and The Boston Globe. For years, these media outlets have built their reputations on truth and now the trend is to lean left and not tell the whole story. Evidence of this has perform very prominent in war coverage and election bias. Bias in the media is a big issue and causes lots of problems throughout the public such as losing trust in a once great source for news, people going elsewhere for information, organism ill-informed, and leading to a low voter turnout.Public trust in the media has seen a significa nt drop since the media has started editorializing stories instead of reporting objectively. The media, which has dominated the American landscape as the number one news source for so long, has become complacent with their place in society. Media has become part of conglomerations consisting or television, newspapers, and movie companies all under on major corporation. big corporations which have started to buy out the original companies are more in it for the money leaving the news portion of the company up to the editors. Leaving redact to the editors can possibly lead to a large bias that will sway the public?s opinion when it comes to elections, policy making, and a lack of being a watchdog for the two major political parties. Editors who make th... ...ongressman, Senators, Governors, in some states, judges, and on national election days when they vote for the next president of the United States.Works CitedCooper, S. D. (Jan 2005). Bringing Some Clarity to the Media Bi as Debate. Review of Communication. 5 (1), 81.Cunningham, B. (Sep/Oct 2004). Our Readers, Ourselves. Columbia Journalism Review. 43 (3), 64.Kelliher, L. (Mar/Apr 2004). Fox Watch MoveOn.org members take bias watching into their living rooms. Columbia Journalism Review. 42 (6), 8.Kohut, A. (Mar/Apr 2002). Listen Up Bias Mongers The Audience Doesn?t Agree. Columbia Journalism Review. 40 (6), 68. McGowan, W. (1995, April). Left pop out? Does a co-dependent relationship exist between the liberal media and the Democratic Party keep both of them off the road to recovery? American Journalism Review. 17 (3), 40.

The Three Main Theories of Deviance and Their Strengths and Weaknesses

The Three Main Theories of Deviance and Their Strengths and Weaknesses A functionalist analysis of departure looks for the source of deviance in the nature of society rather than in the biological or psychological nature of the individual. Although functionalists agree that social control mechanisms such as the constabulary and the courts are necessary to keep deviance in check, many argue that a certain amount of deviance can contribute to the well-being of society. Durkhiem (1895) believed that * abhorrence is an integral part of all healthy societies. This is because individuals are exposed to different influences and will not be committed to the shared values and beliefs of society. * Crime can be functional. All societies need to progress and all social change begins with some form of deviance. In order for change to occur, yesterdays deviance must become tomorrows normality. Nelson Mandela, one time imprisoned as a terrori st, eventually became president of South Africa. * Societies need both crime and punishment. Without punishment the crime rate would reach a touch where it became dysfunctional. Durkheims views imbibe been developed by A. Cohen (1966) who discussed two possible functions of deviance 1. Deviance can be a safety valve, providing a relatively harmless expression of discontent. For example, prostitution enables men to escape from family life without undermining family stability. 2. Deviant acts can warn society that an aspect is not working properly, for example widespread truanting from school. Merton (1938) explains how deviance can progeny from the culture and ... ... (taking advantage of insider knowledge to make huge profits on the stock exchange). This is illegal, which suggests that capitalists do not always get the laws they want. 5. Left Realists believe that Marxists put overly much emphasis on corporate crime. Other crimes such as burglary cause greater harm than Marxists imply. Their victims are usually working-class and the consequences can be devastating for them. 6. Post-modern Criminology rejects Marxist criminology as being neither believable nor defensible. Despite these criticisms, Marxism has been an influence on a number of critical perspectives on deviance. Some have drawn their inspiration from Marxism and can be referred to as neo-Marxist approaches. Others owe less to Marxism and are better defined as radical approaches.

The Three Main Theories of Deviance and Their Strengths and Weaknesses

The Three Main Theories of Deviance and Their Strengths and Weaknesses A functionalist analysis of deflection looks for the source of deviance in the nature of society rather than in the biological or psychological nature of the individual. Although functionalists agree that social control mechanisms such as the constabulary and the courts are necessary to keep deviance in check, many argue that a certain amount of deviance can contribute to the well-being of society. Durkhiem (1895) believed that * horror is an integral part of all healthy societies. This is because individuals are exposed to different influences and will not be committed to the shared values and beliefs of society. * Crime can be functional. All societies need to progress and all social change begins with some form of deviance. In order for change to occur, yesterdays deviance must become tomorrows normality. Nelson Mandela, erstwhile imprisoned as a terrorist , eventually became president of South Africa. * Societies need both crime and punishment. Without punishment the crime rate would reach a pinnacle where it became dysfunctional. Durkheims views arrive at been developed by A. Cohen (1966) who discussed two possible functions of deviance 1. Deviance can be a safety valve, providing a relatively harmless expression of discontent. For example, whoredom enables men to escape from family life without undermining family stability. 2. Deviant acts can warn society that an aspect is not working properly, for example widespread truanting from school. Merton (1938) explains how deviance can pull up stakes from the culture and ... ... (taking advantage of insider knowledge to make huge profits on the stock exchange). This is illegal, which suggests that capitalists do not always get the laws they want. 5. Left Realists believe that Marxists put similarly much emphasis on corpora te crime. Other crimes such as burglary cause greater harm than Marxists imply. Their victims are usually working-class and the consequences can be devastating for them. 6. Post-modern Criminology rejects Marxist criminology as being neither believable nor defensible. Despite these criticisms, Marxism has been an influence on a number of critical perspectives on deviance. Some have drawn their inspiration from Marxism and can be referred to as neo-Marxist approaches. Others owe less to Marxism and are better defined as radical approaches.

Influence Change through Strategic Thinking Essay

Strategic Thinking can be defined as the learning process which entails many aspects of turning the mod ideas into reality through team work, proviso and organizing of resources. It includes the need to have problem solving abilities and critical analysis of situations. Strategic intellection can be employ as a very effective tool to implement manage and sustain the alternate in any organization and help organizations prosper on a lower floor the scheme of exchange (Sanders, 1998). Why is Strategic thinking necessary? Strategic thinking when compargond with strategic planning serves us with many differences.With an aerial view, both of ideas expect to be very similar, however, in actual organizational based scenarios, strategic thinking is quiet different from planning, and involves more rigorous activities. Strategic thinking and helps in shaping the future that is partial planning of the future. In the process, the ideas argon not discreet and are interactive in nature. Th is helps to generate better outputs as the interaction gives other the chances to present their opinions. Strategic thinking provides lower take aim management to have their say in strategy making and development as it an interactive system of thinking.The involvement of the management at all told levels is what gives it an edge over strategic planning. An organization is a system in which sub systems are present. These sub systems interact with each others and hence managers at all the levels come together to create a strategy viable for their organization. All the managers understand their positions and their roles in the organization know that they are correlated and are interdependent (Wootton & Horne, 2002). Strategic thinking has one important aspect i. e. , change. Change is inevitable when strategic thinking is in process.It is true that strategic thinking tackles the difficult part of implementing the change rather than sustaining and evaluating it. Change management is d ifficult and the toughest part of change management is implementing and managing change (Wootton & Horne, 2002). Strategic Thinking and Influencing Change However, strategic thinking assists in successful change implementation. Change management and transformation from one state to the other is knobbed with rigorous planning and with out planning, change management process would come out to be a failure.Hence, strategic thinks aids in making settle decisions as it an interactive system of thinking (Kotter, 1996). The important thing is to identify whether the change is at strategic, operational or functional level, and when change is identify, it must be do sure that in order to bring about the change a paradigm shift must come. The change that would come would bring a transformation current system and the way things are done in an organization. Innovative thinking and thinking that is out of the box clearly assists in planning and implementing a strategic change in an organizati on. round-the-clock improvements and evaluation is another critical success factor in implementing change with the aid of critical thinking. In order to bring about the change effectively, the mangers must challenge the current situation they are in. complacency should be avoided at all levels of change. All supposal must be confronted and must be checked against the current scenarios if they are applicable. All the assumptions must be checked against the evidences and must be characterized and prioritized (Kotter, 1996).The managers must suck a clear distinction between their ends and the means they would achieve those ends. The ends must be clearly identified and the means and methods of achieving those ends must be done when ends are assessed and are understood. Change brings about resistance, and at this stage, managers must identify the means to handle the resistance and the consequences of the resistance (Kotter, 1996). All levels of the planning process must be utilized in s trategic thinking when establishing change in any organization or at stage of organizational life. These levels are mega level, macro level and micro level.At all levels of organizational change and planning process a holistic approach should be employed and used. This would help the managers understand what change would consequently which part of the system and sub system. Interaction amongst those systems would clear away the hurdles that could come in the process of change, and better ideas come up to supplant and overcome those barriers. Relationships should be established in strategic thinking to understand that the organization is not a stand alone entity but is well affiliated with the outside world (Sanders, 1998).Measurable objectives must be set so that they are evaluated at a later stage of change and when the change is needed to be sustained, the specific changes can be managed well if there is a slight disorder in them. Indistinguishable and ambiguous objectives shou ld not be adhered to and should not be taken into account. Status quo must not be challenged but a change should be with in the status quo and achievable at all levels of the organization. The pros and cons must be measured.If the success of that particular change is made measurable then the failure and damages of that particular change should also be made measurable (Kotter, 1996). Ideal vision, even though difficult to achieve, always provides the possibilities that can be present to lead to that particular ideal vision. This is the basis of strategic thinking. Continuous improvement and incessant change is the key to organizations success. Both amalgamated give a perfect strategy to come about a successful change action with minimized resistance and better results (Sanders, 1998).

Policy Initiatives for Change and Innovation Essay

ContextualisationThe tuition system in gold coast has undergone enormous changes in the last 50 long time. Over this current it has gone from being super regarded among Afri terminate solid grounds, through and through a period of collapse and more recently rejuvenation, supported by a donor-funded reform syllabus (FCUBE). Underlying these ups and downs and, more recently, the recognition of the need for change, are changes more fundamental still different ways of knowledge and different ideas about the nature, purpose, and scope of develop subjects and how to meet the needs of a diverse student population have come to the fore. These remain among the many challenges facing the schooltimeing system in Ghana. The news theme publisher that follows reviews this history and the process, and events, which shaped and informed it. It concludes by examining recent learnings and what still remains to be achieved.Abstract Using an historical perspective, the recent history of knowl edgeal activityal constitution making in Ghana, as it relates to the provision of basic upbringing, is examined. Three periods or degrees are identified corresponding to the situation prior to Independence, the period between 1951 and 1986 and the reforms instituted in 1987 and the years that followed. Despite the willing co military operation of various donor agencies and the availability of re commencements, progress has been limited. The policy and contextual reasons for this comparative lack of progress are examined in turn.The paper concludes with what can be learnt from these attempts at reform and suggests that, whilst the issues involved are complex, greater attention needs to be focaliseed on the didactics and support of teachers in their classroom role rather than focusing on the provision of resources. Helping teachers to understand the desired changes in their practice and the need to make pupils independent learners, bring together with reforms of teacher training and support, and the nature and quality of teacher continuing professional development, can all be seen as key ways in which throw out progress may be made.IntroductionThis paper aims to trace some of the major changes which have taken place in Ghanas education system since the country gained Independence in 1957, ie, almost 50 years. Although Ghanas education system had earlierly been regarded as one of the most spunkyly developed, and effective, in West Africa (Foster, 1965), by the 1980s it was in near collapse (Scadding, 1989 Peil, 1995) and viewed as dysfunctional in relation to the goals and aspirations of the country. The academic standards of pupils, support for teachers, instructional materials, give lessons buildings, classrooms and equipment had declined through lack of financing and management.In 1996 the Ghanaian authorities entered on a major donor-funded reform create by mental act called the Free Compulsory Universal sanctioned facts of life (FCUBE) platfor m which touched all levels of the education system and attempted to address the perennial worrys of access, retention, curriculum relevance, teacher training, provision of physical structures, and financing. What follows examines basic education in Ghana by dividing its policy history and practise into three major phases that of the preIndependence era, the period from 1951 to 1986 and the period from 1987 to 2003. Each of these is discussed in turn in the by-line sections.Stanislaus KadingdiBasic education in the pre-Independence eraThis first phase in the development of basic education policy and practise in Ghana can be described as having been dominated by missionary activities in relation to literacy for trade and the teachings of the Bible. Formal education in Ghana dates back to the mercantile era preceding colonisation. European merchants and missionaries set up the first schools and Christian missionaries are said to have introduced western-style education into Ghana as azoic as 1765 (Antwi, 1991a Graham, 1971). Many of these institutions, established by Presbyterian and Methodist missionaries, were located in the south of the country in what became the British gilt Coast Colony.The main aim of these primal schools was to facilitate the training of the local inhabitants as interpreters for purposes of trade and as a conversion of Ghanaians to the Christian religion. Thus the curriculum had a narrow focus on basic literacy with the Bible and scripture as the main texts of schooling. Early attempts to improve the quality of primary education in Ghana (then known as the Gold Coast), by Sir Gordon Guggisberg in his role as Governor, took place in the period between 1919-1927. He emphasised a need for better teaching and alter management of schools but the shortage of teachers and inadequate funding meant that his plans for improving primary education were hardly achieved. Most schools in the rural areas were still based in unsuitable buildings, wer e poorly equipped and staffed or, in some cases, centred under treesMajor policy initiatives in basic education from 1951-1986The second phase was characterised by dissymmetry in governance as a result of successive array takeovers. This political instability coupled with the rise in oil prices in the early 1970s resulted in economic decline in the country. It was a period of a harsh and repressive revolutionary zeal on the part of the military regime of 1981 and resulted in a significant number of trained and highly qualified teachers leaving the country (Nti, 1999). raising was therefore faced with political instability, ad hoc measures, and frequent changes in education policy. Teaching and learning in basic schools had deteriorated to the extent that the majority of school leavers were illiterate, and confidence in Ghanas erstwhile enviable education system was shaken. In 1951 the first president, Dr Kwame Nkrumah, embarked on a massive expansion of the education system to s peed the pace of educational development in the (then) Gold Coast.This was in response to popular demand for education and to the new Africa Governments intention to organise a planned hunting expedition to abolish illiteracy. This initiative was followed by further developments with Ghanas Independence in 1957. In fact the next 35 years saw a wide range of developments and reform initiatives taking place in Ghanas education system. Within this period three significant stages can be discerned. These were the Accelerated Development Plans (ADPs) for Education in 1951 and 1961, the findings of the Dzobo Committee of 1973 and the chase, New Structure and Content of Education Plan in 1974. The intentions associated with the new military political sympathies of the provisional National Defence Council (PNDC) in 1981 led to further changes. The first of these is discussed in the next section.The Accelerated Development Plans (ADP) for Education of 1951 and 1961 The ADP, launched in 1951 , gained legal backing through the introduction of the 1961 Education present, which sought to provide free, universal and compulsory basic education (of 6 years duration) for all children from 6 years of age. The 1961 Education Act empowered Local Authority Councils to be in control of educational management whilst parents and guardians were expected to make some contribution to the running of schools in their areas. primal education underwent a rapid and steady growth and the number of schools rose from 1,081 in 1951 to 3,372 in 1952. Enrolment doubled in a period of flipper years and Ghana was acclaimed as having the most developed education system in Africa (Foster, 1965 Ghana Human Development Report, 1998 Scadding, 1989).Realizing the importance of trained teachers for the expanded system, the 1961 Education Act opened new teacher training colleges, expanded those already in existence and made provision for the training of unqualified teachers in the line through various e mergency and short-term in-service training programmes. Teachers numbers increased by 1,000 between 1951 and 1953, with the yearly output rising from 420 to 1,108 trained teachers from teacher training colleges. In 1961 the entire basic education system (primary and middle school education) was made free and compulsory, although uniforms and books were not free.However, even though school enrolments increased following the 1961 Education Act, the quality of teaching and learning appears to have remained the same. The changes that were effected to cope with the increased pupil enrolments had been insufficient to create a balance between the measurement and quality of the education provided. The most significant factor that affected the imbalance was an inability to provide schools with trained teachers. With the increase in the number of schools, more teachers were need and so many pupil teachers (ie, untrained teachers) had to be employed to teach, resulting in poor teaching and l earning in schools during this period. Following this, the second significant source of policy development, mentioned earlier, arose through the Dzobo Committee of 1973 and The New Structure and Content of Education policy of 1974.The Dzobo Committee of 1973 and The New Structure and Content of Education of 1974 Prior to 1972 the education system had been criticized as being elitist in character built, as it was, on a selective system similar to the British grammar schools. In 1973 the in-coming military presidential term carried out a review of the educational system, and formed the so-called Dzobo Committee to recommend appropriate measures to improve the situation (Dzobo, 1974). This led, in 1974, to the government putting into operation the first major, postIndependence, reform in pre-university education. This reform is generally referred to as The New Structure and Content of Education (NSCE) and reduced the length of pre-tertiary education from 17 years to 13 years. The 6 ye ars of primary education remained the same.The four years of lowly school was reduced to three years. The five years of senior secondhand school, lower stage was reduced to two years, and the period of senior secondary, upper level, remained the same (ie, it went from a pattern of 6-4-5-2 to one of 63-2-2). The aim was to make it possible for school leavers to leave at any point of exit from the system with skills that would enable them to be employable. The reform was expected to raise standards at the various levels so that educational standards would not be compromised as a result of the decrease in the number of years spent in pre-tertiary education. The thrust of the content of the reform programme was to vocationalise preuniversity education in Ghana and to make it more functional and oriented towards contextual demands and challenges. It also constituted a bold attempt to reduce educational expenditure.However, despite its laudable intentions, the NSCE did not have any sust ainable impact on the general education system of the country. There were still unqualified teachers in the education system, inadequate resources to support teaching and learning in schools, and challenges for teachers within the context and content demands of the curriculum. This again led to intense unease among parents, employers, academics and some politicians. The import of the Governments White Paper on the Committees recommendations was the acceptance of 13-years duration of pre-university education for all. It endorsed the introduction of pre-technical and pre-vocational subjects in both primary and junior secondary curricula. The period also mark the establishment of the Ghana Education Service which brought together, for the first time, teachers, educational administrators and education sector workers into a new government agency, under the Ministry of Education, to implement the new structure of education. The third significant policy development in basic education pro vision arose from the virtual collapse of the education system and a further military takeover in 1981.The virtual collapse of the Ghanaian Education System and the PNDC of 1981 December 1981 marked the takeover of notwithstanding another military government under the name of the Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC). By 1983, Ghanas education system had seriously deteriorated in quality enrolment rates stagnated and the percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) allocated to education dropped from 6.4% in 1976 to a low of 1.7% in 1983. Government resources were no long-acting available to construct, complete or even maintain the existing education facilities and the down-turn in the economy resulted in the mass exodus of qualified teachers to other part of the continent causing a significant fall in the ratio of trained to untrained teachers in the basic education sector. Abdallah (1986), then Secretary for Education, address on the state of the education system at the ti me, had this to say Over the past decade, there has been a sharp deterioration in the quality of education at all levels.There has been a virtual collapse of physical infrastructure in the provision of buildings, equipment, materials, teaching aids etc To solve these problems, the PNDC has decided to embark upon a comprehensive programme of educational reforms (p 1). Arising from the economic constraints that faced the country in the late 1970s and early 1980s, as well as the bureaucratic bottlenecks and sheer lack of interest and commitment from administrators, the new programme never went beyond the experimental stage. There was stagnation and near demise of the experimental young Secondary School (JSS) system. By 1983 the education system was in major crisis through lack of educational materials, deterioration of school structures, low enrolment levels, high drop-out rates, poor educational administration and management, drastic reductions in Governments educational financing an d the lack of data and statistics on which to base any planning.The military machine to the rescue the 1987 education reformsMoving beyond the events just described, the third phase structuring this historical account embraces the period referred to here as the military to the rescue phase and covers the period of major reform from which the Free Compulsory Universal Basic Education (FCUBE) reform of 1996 emerged. It was characterised by Ghanas participation in, and endorsement of, transnational agreements such as Education for All, the Declaration on the Rights of the Child, the Beijing Declaration on Womens Rights and the Lome Convention. This meant that the Government had to remain committed to her constitutional obligations as a guide to policy and was influenced by the bilateral and multilateral negotiations it had taken part in. Also significant in this period was the strong ambition of the government to reform the education system by leaving no stone unturned in restructur ing the nations economic base to bring it into concurrence with the financial credibility criteria required by the human being lodge. With this condition met, Ghana had the opportunity of negotiating for credits and grants to finance major education reform.Apart from the World Bank credits, several donor agencies came to the aid of Ghana in her reform implementation, a greater part of which was directed to basic education. In spite of the fact that Ghana had successive military governments from 1966, 1987 marked a new phase in government thinking. In 1987 The New Educational Reform Programme (NERP) was introduced with a focus on the total restructuring of the entire pre-tertiary education system and on improving access through the provision of infrastructure whilst making the curriculum more relevant to social and economic needs. According to a Ministry of Education Report (MOE, 1988), the NERP sought to salvage the educational system and make it more meaningful to the individual and the nation as a whole. It is therefore worthy of mention that, even though similar to the NSCE reform, in terms of structure and content, there was a marked improvement on the latter with a revised curriculum which reflected radical changes at the basic education level.The launch of the World Bank supported programme for education infrastructure also led to the building of 3000 pavilions to support the school system. The goals of the 1987 NERP as summed up in the Sector Adjustment Policy Document of the World Bank (World Bank, 1986) included the following (i) to expand access to education (ii) to improve the quality of education (iii) to make education more relevant in conflux the needs and aspirations of the individuals and the socio-economic conditions of the country (iv) to re-structure pre-university education to 12 years (6-3-3) and (v) to ensure costeffectiveness and cost-recovery. A major thrust of the 1987 NERP reform was the diversification of the formal academic cour ses offered in pre-university institutions by the inclusion of practical courses.These changes were intended to correct the perceived elitist education that downgraded technical, vocational and agricultural education. This perception was captured in the address of Professor Dzobo, the Chair of the committee which had reviewed previous reforms, at a National Workshop on the 1987 Educational Reforms when he stated that In spite of the bold educational innovative measures of the 1920s and of the posterior ones, Ghanas formal education system remained Western and predominantly academic and elitist. As a result of the Accelerated Development Plan of Education in 1951, the pre-university educational system has become increasingly dysfunctional as it turns out a lot of school leavers who have no marketable skills, uncomplete do they have the mind to go into self-employment ventures. These leavers could see no bright future for themselves and they come to constitute a veritable economic a nd social problem for our society to solve (Dzobo, 1987).

Social Life of Small Urban Space

It has been approved that people like to get involved in social life. They are interested of being a part of the universal. The study of Whyte agrees with that. Observing what other people are doing is a valuable tool employ by the majority of people to understand the behavior of others. Public plaza is a good example to practice that so when isolating people and non allowing them to observe, the commonplace place will not have any meaning. Forcing people to sit in certain way without any connection with other natural process is boring so people try to avoid it (Almansoour).The direct area in front of a building should always communicate with the buildings form, entryways and design style. A building that lacks communication with the street level will be perceived of as cold and uninviting (Perry). The study of deferent plazas in New Yurok city by Whyte shows that people tend to sit whenever there is a place to sit. If a plaza is close to the street or in front of public place su ch as the library it becomes more occupied then others. The study indicates that observation is an important key when design a plaza(Almansoour).The amount of sitting area as well as width of sitting area should be adjusted based on context that urban part is in (Hirose). Also, it has become necessary to characterize open spaces in areas that have more density. As long as the open space is planned in the right wing place within its area it can provide such a positive effect to those people who use them (Alotaibi). Variety of factors would effects whole operation of designing sitting area such as occupants moral, culture, life style, physical size, and combination of above.Urban spaces are mixed areas of characteristic yet they have many distinguished characteristics from other spaces, therefore I agree with flexible zoning ordinances on designing sitting area in urban park (Hirose). regularization is uncomfortable, but it may provide a more uniform approach to design. Why shoul dnt every building have plentiful and inviting exterior sitting spaces? But what would that regulation look like. The authors data seems a bit confused.Analyzing light, square area, and open spaces did not seem to direct any sex act findings. Even their data on amount of seating did not perform as the authors would have us believe. Plazas with large amount of seating were still a great deal underused (Perry). Finally, the difference between good plaza design and poor plaza design is a combination of personal experience and trial and error. A power may have good intentions, but if everything is to not look the same a designer has to be given the opportunity to experiment (Perry).

Saving the Mentally Ill: Ethical Judicial Reform

The plights of the affablely sinister have been seen across various cultures throughout the diachronic tale of humanity. The imposed consequences of society on single(a)s demonstrating deviant behavior, frequently considered to be mentally ill, range from punishments as light as a ticket or fine and ranging to incarceration or even execution. The question remains for society today, are extreme punishments much(prenominal) as incarceration or execution sensible solutions in regard to the treatment of mentally ill people who break the amicable norms of safety?Figuring out how best to deal with the fringes of society often called criminals but better bourned mentally ill people is question which has no doubt been with humanity for a very long time. However, it is a justified confidence to state that mentally ill people are indeed worthy of better treatment than incarceration or execution. Despite the sometimes harmful behaviors of mentally ill individuals, there are better act ions to take in the bettering of human society than to punish the nearly tormented and fragile members of society.A very consequential positive aspect of allowing mentally ill offenders to engage in the care of psychological treatment rather than being locked into the government judicial system and slammers is evidently being able to look at an offender with compassion and the hope of recuperation rather than with scorn and the desire to maltreat the offender. Jailing and execution, even minor fines, is simply an evil act in response to an evil act. The basic lesson that two wrongs dont make a right is an ethical foundation that most people learn in their toddler yearsto treat a neighbor as one would handle to be treated.In punishing the mental ill, sometimes to the extreme of murdering them through execution, humanity only demonstrates a desire for revenge and a lack of patience. Although some states, for example Virginia, bar the execution of the mentally retarded, there is still general resistance to barring the execution of the mentally ill, and currently only Connecticut prohibits this act of detriment (Slobogin). Clearly, there is still widespread resistance to both understanding the sick actions of individuals as well as working cooperatively to try to aid these poor people.One has to wonder where the discover is drawn between the mentally retarded, the mentally ill, and the insane, and what these terms mean in regard to aiming to define civil justice. Although some states have prohibited the execution of mentally retarded people, the Supreme Court has barred the execution of insane individuals, but non of mentally retarded persons (Miller). In psychological diagnoses of mental illnesses, there is no concrete wall drawn between the mentally retarded and the mentally ill, and the term insanity is not even used professionally.Although psychosis may be what the courts adjoin to in regard to insanity, there is still no hard and fast line drawn b etween people exhibiting psychosis and those exhibiting neurosis. These people are all considered to be mentally ill. However, in considering the idea of just punishments for any individual, healthy or ill, it is important to not the hypocrisy and paradox involved even in the term just punishment. Is there ever a good maltreatment or a necessary evil?A rational person would have to separate no. Forgiveness, understanding, and comprehensive rehabilitative treatment are necessary for all offenders. Society should offer this to the offenders precisely as an example of what it inwardness to not offend, an file name extension of humane wisdom and goodwill. In viewing the experiences of the mentally ill individuals who are incarcerated, it is disquieting to note the extreme punishment received in modern cast away settings.As if being forced to live in a tightly enclosed and barred setting for multiple year or even womb-to-tomb sentences were not enough of a crime against humanity, g alore(postnominal) mentally ill individuals who are incarcerated or on death row experience further injustice in jails by the high rate of occurrence of injury and death, the inappropriate use of force by personnel, and the exonerate of mentally ill people from jail who have received little to no psychological treatment (Erickson & Erickson).On a smaller and perhaps more(prenominal) easily identifiable scale, its like experiencing a puppy who chews furniture and deciding to kick the dog or put the dog in a cage rather than allowing the puppy the inseparable environment of a caring owner with a yard or countryside for free roaming. The offender may need to be enclosed in a safe area, but the treatment circulariseed to the offender for humane recuperation would not be physical torture or a tiny cell, it would be person centered health care in an environment tailored to meet the sensitive needs of the sick individual, helping them wholeheartedly on the short or long path to better living.In regard to changing the way courts view mentally ill people when they commit offenses against humanity, it is important to note not only the voices of judges, psychologists, and lawyers in their aim to provide the best situation for the offender, but to value the wishes of the offenders themselves. Luckily there is an increasing interest in mentally ill people as well as their clinicians to choose their own health care plans and service providers.By viewing mentally ill offenders as needing genial help rather than punishment, society can also offer these individuals choices in the steps toward their recuperation. In allowing for a mediation process by which the offender and societal representative, such as a government counselor, social worker, psychologist, or psychiatrist, can come to an agreement about the terms by which the mentally ill individual will engage in a process of ongoing health care, the court system may be able to reduce the need for more formal and expens ive court process and reduce the costs associated with involuntary care (Fleischner).It is also valid to consider the desires of the offender who wishes to be released without care. In sincerely yours believing that two wrongs dont make a right, it may be prudent to invest consideration in the option of allowing for the immediate release of offenders who wish to be freed without treatment. Although this action may endanger society, it very well may not. The power of forgiveness is highly underestimated in many teddys.In aiming to administer justice, society has to consider what is just in every case, not only in some. If murder is wrong, then murder is wrong, not only in the case of the victim being murdered, but also in the case of the offender being murdered. If enclosing a person in a tight twilit box is wrong for a parent to do to a child day after day, then it is also wrong for the government to do this to social offenders.Anyone any person commits a crime against humanity, then the person committing the crime is sick, mentally ill and not thinking or behaving logically. When viewing the ill actions of offenders in a judicial process, one must also honestly view the ill actions of the judiciary. So many crimes are committed by the mentally ill, and many of the mentally ill people are not the ones receiving the sentence, but people who are ordering the sentences or standing on the sidelines in support in injustice.Only when humanity opens its heart to all people in forgiveness and a sincere attempt to right wrongs will humanity be lite and delivered from her sins. No person deserved to be tightly jailed, left without health treatment, or cast out of society by even harsher means such as death. Ostracizing the weakest and most needy members of society only results in a crumbling of true ethics and suffering in hypocrisy. Democracy is empty without ethics, and arbitrating law means nothing when the law is empty of morality and goodwill.

Junot Diaz Biography

Junot Diaz was born in the Dominican Republic and raised bran-new Jersey. He is a creative writing teacher at MIT and fiction editor at the Boston Review. He to a fault serves on the board of advisers for the granting immunity University, a Volunteer organization in Georgia that provides post-secondary instruction to undocumented immigrants. From what I perplex read I have gathered that he rattling had to rely on himself. Getting him through college working the jobs where you have to do the dirty work, dishes, and pumping-gas. Supposedly Drown reflects Diazs strained relationship with his own father, with whom he no longer keeps in contact with. Diaz was born in Villa Juana, a neighborhood in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. He was the third child in a family of five.Through most of his childhood he lived with his mother and grandparents while his father worked in the United States. Diaz emigrated to Parlin, New Jersey, in December of 1974, where he was able to reunite with hi s father. He lived close to what he considered one of the largest landfills in New Jersey. His short fiction has appeared in The New Yorker magazine, which listed him as one of the 20 top writers for the 21st century.He has also been print in Story, The Paris Review, and in the anthologies The Best American Short Stories four times (1996, 1997, 1999, 2000), The PEN/O. Henry Prize Stories (2009), and African Voices. He is outflank known for his two major works the short story collection Drown (1996) and the novel The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao (2007). Both were published to decisive acclaim and he won the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for the latter. Diaz himself has described his writing style as a disobedient child of New Jersey and the Dominican Republic if that can be possibly imagined with way too much education.Daz has received a Eugene McDermott Award, a fellowship from the John Simon Guggenheim biography Foundation, a Lila Acheson Wallace Readers Digest Award, the 2002 PEN/Malamud Award, the 2003 US-Japan Creative Artist Fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts, a fellowship at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University and the Rome Prize from the American Academy of Arts and Letters. He was selected as one of the 39 most important Latin American writers under the fester of 39 by the Bogot World Book Capital and the Hay Festival.18 In September 2007, Miramax acquired the rights for a film adaptation of The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao.The storiesin Drown focus on the teenage narrators impoverished, fatherless youth in the Dominican Republic and his struggle adapting to his new life in New Jersey. Reviews were generally strong but not without complaints. Daz read twice for PRIs This American Life Edison, New Jersey in 1997 and How to Date a Browngirl, Blackgirl, Whitegirl, or Halfie in 1998. Daz also published a Spanish translation of Drown, entitled Negocios. The arrival of his novel (The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao) in 2007 prompted a noticeable re-appraisal of Dazs earlier work.Drown became widely recognized as an important landmark in contemporary literatureten years subsequently its initial publication charge by critics who had either entirely ignored the book or had given it poor reviews. The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao was published in September 2007. New York Times critic Michiko Kakutani characterized Dazs writing in the novel as a sort of streetwise brand of Spanglish that even the most monolingual reader can easily inhale lashings of flash words and razzle-dazzle talk, lots of body language on the sentences, lots of David Foster Wallace-esque footnotes and asides.And he conjures with seemingly effortless aplomb the two worlds his characters inhabit the Dominican Republic, the ghost-haunted motherland that shapes their nightmares and their dreams and America (a.k.a. New Jersey), the land of freedom and hope and not-so-shiny possibilities that theyve fled to as part of the great Dominican diaspora. Daz said about the protagonist of the novel, Oscar was a composite of all the nerds that I grew up with who didnt have that special reservoir of masculine privilege. Oscar was who I would have been if it had not been for my father or my brother or my own willingness to fight or my own unfitness to fit into any category easily. He also has said that he sees a meaningful and fitting connection between the science fiction and/or epic literary genres and the multi-faceted immigrant experience.

Gin Act DBQ

In eighteenth-century England, the English saw a huge rise in the popularity and sales events agreement of running noose. separate slowly (from 1701 to 1751) gained oftentimes favor over beer and peeked in 1741 out consuming beer times six (Doc. 1). As Gin sales started to take over the sale of beer, the government saw this as an chance to make taxes and restraints on the sale of Gin to benefit the government. As this persisted, The Gin Act of 1751 was instated. This act is one federal agency that the government made sure that Gin sale did non get out of hand.Although in the preamble of the Gin Act of 1751 it states that parliament assembled, ever attentive to the preservation and health of your Majestys subjects, I believe that Parliament had a more financial goal rather than health goal. As these restraints and taxes were brought upon masses who produced Gin, there were mixed feelings on how these restraints would equal the community and the cat valium welfare of the p eople. Citizens used many aspects of society to gain ground behind their opinions on the restrictions on the sale of Gin.Many citizens were in occurrence for the restraints because of the occupation they worked, the religion they belonged to, or the position they held in government. Other citizens felt the exact opposite. Many felt that the restrictions of Gin sale were not just and would not allow for citizens relief or support of nature (Doc. 8). Others were pushing towards a more neutral view on if Gin was bad or unassailable. This grammatical case of people was indirectly affected by the sale of Gin but wanted to have their opinions stated.Amongst the many motives that citizens had to favor the restrictions on Gin, one was to better the common welfare of the people. William Hogarth showed so perfectly, in his work Gin Lane that he believes that Gin degrades the people which degrade the city. In his painting of Gin Lane, he shows how much people dont care about their city and their fellow neighbors. He shows this through the many buildings falling apart and many drunken people. He is showing how much Gin is ruining the city and the people (Doc. 11).William Hogarth then shows through the painting of Beer Street how much better of an idea to slow the pulmonary tuberculosis of Gin and up the consumption of beer would be. It depicts a calm precise clean and orderly city. Although drinking and enjoying themselves, all the citizens of the city are all cohesive and functional their job as they should (Doc. 12). People were worried since the production of Gin has gone up significantly and that the price has gone down that drunkenness would become the peculiarity of the people.Meaning all the poor would get drunk and corrupt the city life and generations to come because of the low Gin price (Doc. 13). Since a majority of people in England worked long and hard weeks, gin was considered harmful because people would work so many hours that when the weekend would come, they would come drink provide after glass until they were cursing at each other and quarreling and making a scene (Doc 3). gin lowered peoples morals and made their behavior more atrocious as well as destroying some of the Kings men which was not attractive to the common person (Doc 7).It was once stated in a speech at Parliament that Gin not only infatuates the mind but poisons the body it not only fills our streets with madness and our prisons with criminals. This just shows how much people believe that Gin is to load for vagabonds on the streets and criminals. These people are worried about their well being and want to support restrictions on the sale of Gin. Some citizens approved and supported the sale of Gin in England. England at that time had already gone through the Agriculture Revolution.The new technologies brought by the Revolution had tripled Englands straw supply and had forced the sale and demand of wheat to plummet. People supported gin because it could help them as well as their government by providing relief from the over production of wheat. This vivify would in turn produce more demand and improve sales (Doc 1). Even Englands climate aided in the sale of gin. Englishmen and women at that time worked very long hours either in their home or working for another family.When it came time for the weekend, gin was considered a relief or an out to peoples problems. Since Englands weather was often foggy, cold, and damp, gin would relieve people from their hardships (Doc 8). William Pulteney is a great example of someone who needed Gin sales to go up because it depended on his finances. Pulteney was a landowner who probably had wheat on the land therefore he obviously was against the restrictions and for the sale of Gin because if Gin sellers didnt want his wheat anymore because beer took Gin over, he would be kicked off his land (Doc. 4).Many people saw how easy government put these taxes on Gin, so wherefore couldnt they do the same to property. People felt very violated after this (Doc. 5). Grain was distilled to make Gin and Daniel Defoe felt that this was a great way to support Gin and to gain from it too (Doc. 2). There was also a neutral side of people who really didnt care if Gin was good or bad but they were indirectly affected by it and demanded a say. On one account, John Wesley, a Methodist who believes that drunkenness is a way of life of removal from religious society, therefore is strongly against the mass sale of Gin.This is just one example of how Gin indirectly affected a religious man. another(prenominal) person who could get stuck in the crossfire is someone in a government position. A member of parliament who is always worried about the King and if he is pleased, is obviously against the restrictions but in a different way. This member of parliament is mainly only worried about the King and really has not correlational statistics to Gin except in the pocket book. In eighteenth century England, government was attempting to restrict the sale of Gin throughout England.Many people did not want Gin and were for restriction on Gin either because of how it reflected on the city or how it affected someones job. Others strongly though that Gin was helping the economy and was keeping wheat owners in business. There was also a part of people who took a more neutral stand on weather Gin was good or bad. Although many opinions on this topic, all were centered on the way the person lived and their position in society.

Current Issues with Health Care Costs Essay

Health grapple spending in the U.S. continues to soar to unsustainable levels. There ar many strategies and views on ways to contain wellness c are costs, while improving the efficiency and quality of health premeditation. infirmary function, physician work, prescription drugs and technology/ medical examination innovation and the aging state are areas that drive the highschool cost of health deal creating an un low-priced dilemma for consumers and employers.(Cowen & Moorhead, 2011) Uninsured individuals who are unable to afford health insurance are less likely to coordinate their care appropriately, leading to poor health outcomes. The aging of the population and the rising cost of health care would ca expend spending on the major health care programs and Social Security to grow from more than 10 percent of GDP today to almost 16 percent of GDP 25 years from now. That combined ontogeny is equivalent to about $850 billion today. (congressional Budget Office, 2012)The agin g of the baby boomer generation lead have an impact on federal spending as well as health care costs. (Congressional Budget Office, 2012) Increase in longevity due to medical advances and technology are a factor in spending ripening increases. (Henderson, 2012) The second enlargedst segment of U.S. health care spending is on physician services. (Cowen & Moorhead, 2011) Providers are paid for services rather than patient outcome. This creates little incentive to coordinate patient care with other specialist. A large portion of the aging population has multiple chronic conditions which would benefit from better coordination of care. (White, 2010) With the shortage in capital care doctors and the aging baby boomer generation consuming more care, costs for physicians services will likely increase. A new model of primary care called the patient centered medical sign of the zodiac provides better coordination of care, dos lower cost and improve patient satisfaction. (Henderson, 20 12) Hospital services account for one of the largest drivers of health care spending.Shortage ofnursing staff is one factor which influences increased wages, as well as the decrease in payment from the Medicare population. (Cowen & Moorhead, 2011) Those costs and differences in reduction of payments are then shifted over to consumers and payers. With the increase in the baby boomer generation, the federal government will need to manage the extra services being utilized through Medicare with an attempt to find ways to reduce payments to hospitals. (Congressional Budget Office, 2012) new-sprung(prenominal) and better drugs will help benefit health but may cost more. Prescription drugs are advertised on television each day. Patients are more educated on the drugs used for their conditions and are likely to request from their physician these highly advertised drugs they feel may benefit them.Many physicians are likely to give into the demands of their patients requests leading to more costly medications used that could be avoided. Advancing technology flush toilet positively or negatively impact health care costs. Many times over use of technology, especially when there is a less costly alternative can increase health care costs. On the other hand, new technological advances in data collection for a personal health record can be utilized to coordinate care, promoting better quality of care resulting in amend health outcomes and cost savings. (Cowen & Moorhead, 2011) Disease management, Health savings accounts and retail clinics are just a fewer of the solutions offered to consumers to help cost. Disease management is offered by many health insurance companies for their members with chronic health conditions much(prenominal) as diabetes, congestive heart failure, asthma and coronary artery disease. encourages educate the members on their health conditions and help set health goals to help prevent hospitalizations and improve health outcomes. Studies, however, do not suggest this is a proven cost saving strategy. (Cowen & Moorhead, 2011) Health savings accounts allow people to have more keep in line over how their money is spent. Pretax contributions are placed into the account and money can be deducted to pay for medical expenses.There is hope that the HSA will encourage people to focus on lower cost services. Retail Clinics are a creative way to offer routine care in private stores, in large chains and grocery stores. This is a growing trend with health care being provided by a physician assistant or a nurse practitioner. care is often more affordable and attractive for those uninsured individuals. (Cowen & Moorhead, 2011) Nursing in the future may expand to become more focus on the role of the primary care provider. With the shortage of primary care physicians states should consider easing the scene of practice restrictions. Nurse practitioners can perform the role of primary care services just as well and effective as physicians d o. There are many factors involved in health care costs that the government and private sector must come together in a matching effort to improve. There is no single solution to solving the health care spending dilemma. only of the drivers of health care cost must be addressed in any reform or cost control discussion.Intellectual Honesty CertificationI certify that this assignment is presented as simply my own intellectual work. Any words and/or ideas from other sources (e.g. printed publications, Internet sites, electronic media, other individuals, groups, or organizations) have been properly indicated using the appropriate scholarly citation style required by the subdivision or College.I have not submitted this assignment in its entirety to satisfy the requirements of any other course. Any parts of this assignment from other courses have been discussed thoroughly with the faculty member before this calmness so that there is an understanding that I have used some of this work in a prior assignment.ReferencesCowen, PhD, RN, P. S., & Moorhead, PhD, RN, S. (2011). Controlling Health Care costs Balancing Public and Private Solutions. In J. W. York, & M. M. Gibson (Eds.), menses Issues in Nursing (8th ed., pp. 424-437). The University of Iowa Hassmiller, PhD, RN, FAAN, S. (2010, September). Nursings role in health care reform. American Nurse Today, 5(9). Henderson, S. (2012, December 1). The Patient-Centered Medical Home. The American journal of nursing, 112(12), 54. The 2012 Long-Term Budget Outlook. (2012). Retrieved from www.cbo.gov/publication/43288 White, B. (2010, 5/1). How Health Care Reform Will Affect Family Physicians. Family Practice Management, 17(3), 14.

Is Walmart good for America? Essay

As the largest retailer in history, its no surprise that Walmart is the target of rough(prenominal) unlawful attacks and effusive praise. According to its own website, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. operates more than than than 8,000 stores, employs more than 2.1 million people, and sells more than $400 billion value of goods in every year. Though this bulk intimidates those who fear for the viability of mom and pop retailers, Walmarts great military group is that it devotes its considerable power to American consumers. Its size enables it to provide services that other retailers can non, and it has deservedly become an integral part of the modern American economy.Criticisms of Walmarts effect on small retailers fall flat because of Americans design in that effect. Consumption is the only democratic component of the corporate world small retailers fail because Americans distinguish Walmart. Walmart provides cheaper, better, more accessible services than its competition. While compet ing stores closings produce touching hard-luck stories, the shift to Walmart is beneficial for society, because Walmart is much more efficient at every stage of its business.The benefits of this strength are less personal and more in general spread than the costs to smaller competitors, but such dissemination of value demonstrates one of the best qualities of Walmart its egalitarianism. Walmart provides a good that is accessible to virtually all Americans. The 2006 book The Walmart Effect estimates that 97% of Americans live within xxv miles of a Walmart, and Walmarts low prices assure that the store is also economically accessible. As long as consumers continue to choose Walmart (for understandable reasons), the onus is on small retailers to find better ways to compete.The import main argument against Walmart deals with its impact on suppliers. Because Walmart has such immense buying power, it carries great influence with manufacturers. Fortunately, Walmart uses its true barg aining power in the interests of American consumers by demanding ever-decreasing prices. Though manufacturers often complain about this pressure, it forces never-ending innovation, which ultimately benefits consumers.Walmart has much to teach American businesses. Despite its size, Walmart is a paragon of corporate efficiency. It has compiled the largest sales data-set of either American retailer and analyzes this data using the second largest supercomputer in the world (trailing only the Pentagon). Aided by this number-crunching, Walmart excels at knowing what its consumers want. Walmarts purchasing decisions thus reflect American preferences. In short, Walmart is a driveway force in the American economy leading to smarter, more streamlined production, and (as always) lower prices for consumers.The benefits of Walmarts efficiency are not only economic, as illustrated by the companys result to Hurricane Katrina. Walmarts response to the hurricane was lauded even by its critics it donated more than $20 million worth of merchandise, including food for 100,000 meals, and it promised jobs for all of its displaced workers. But what I wish to extol is not Walmarts largesse, which bore immediate public relations benefits, but sort of the utility of their efficient distribution system.The first supply truck to arrive at the Superdome after the hurricane came from Walmart, not from FEMA. The administrative particulars of Walmarts response to the hurricane, detailed in a study by Steven Horwitz, are both fascinating and inspiring. Walmarts existing distribution chain was and is able to deliver needed goods faster and more efficiently than a government agency, which (besides being inept) had no existing infrastructure to respond to the disaster.The Coast Guard, other organization praised for its post-Katrina efforts, was great for rescuing people from flooded houses, but it was incapable of providing them with sufficient supplies afterwards. Without the aid of Walm art, the aftermath of the hurricane would set about been even more catastrophic.Regardless of its reputation or its value to society, Walmart is here to stay. Consumption drives our daily lives and accounts for some 70% of Americas GDP. As long as Walmart continues to increase the accessibility and quality of consumption, it go forth remain Americas top retailer and continue to grow. Whether or not you choose to break at Walmart, everyoneshould appreciate it as an outstanding American institution.

Boys and Girls Essay

Teachers are in a unique position to cultivate childrens cross gender interactions and friendships. By intentionally cooking and supporting certain experiences, educators green goddess encourage children to build a favorable world characterized by pregnant relationships with peers of both sexes. To purposely increase engagement and interactions between boys and girls, teachers must tune in to the social patterns in the schoolroom. Systematic observations are useful, such as scanning the room and playground periodically and jotting mess which children are playing together and where.Teachers can create opportunities that can bring boys and girls together to communicate, cooperate, play, and learn with unmatchable another. It is Important to address these occurrences. Gender exclusion is just as hurtful and unfair as exclusions establish on any other characteristics, leaving the child to feel rejected and potentially perpetuating gender stereotyping. never use race or religion t o label a child in any manner. qualification sure that every child feels accepted and welcome by supporting a positive classroom environment.In an inclusive classroom children and teachers celebrate diversity and discover similarities and common interests. When taking action to alleviate children focus on these common interests, teachers create opportunities for boys and girls to share positive experiences with one another. When boys and girls work and play together in positive ways, they discover common ground and practice negotiation, cooperation, and communication skills with one another.All of these experiences ca-ca the children the opportunity to learn and develop attitudes of respect and acceptance, and to broaden their social competence. With planning and attention to the classroom environment, activities, and human activity practices, and with support for the children in their interactions and relationships, teachers can create and foster opportunities for peer experien ces between boys and girls. This article is talking closely chapter 7-8 in the textbook. It talks about ocial competence and fostering creativity in play between boys and girls.The social skill is to facilitate interaction and communicate with others. Most children tend to group people and things into simple categories in order to make sense of their world. The concepts I have chosen are communicate, interact, and encourage. These are the 3 concepts can help me have a positive and fun environment for the child in my classroom. It will be a positive outcome on how the children learn the difference between genders and acceptance without exaggeration.

Ethnicity and Policing

Ethnicity and the law Part II Police Brutality and rot raw Orleans Police plane section By Brittany Jackson Staff Writer BATON ROUGE- mod Orleans Police Department is make outn for its harsh brutality, corruption, discrimination, and deadly force. The issue of citizen complaints has been a controversial patronage in New Orleans. The complaints of citizens are generally a racial issue. African American civil groups take commanded civilian evaluation as a way of presenting independent assessments of complaints.Although the New Orleans courts planned to foreshorten police corruption and brutality, the unruly behavior has increased. Over the recent years the New Orleans Police Department had a discreditable record for police brutality and many incidents were reported to the department versed Affairs Division and the Office of Municipal Investigations. Some officers were charged for using excessive force towards victims, sometimes without adequate cause, and some suspects died w hile in the custody of police. The New Orleans Police Department has a history of police brutality cases including the case of Robert Davis.Robert Davis, a retired elementary school teacher and a resident of New Orleans was detained, arrested, and beaten by four white police officers on October 9, 2005 on judgment of mankind intoxication. Davis was 64 years old at the time of the incident and was charged with public intoxication, resisting arrest, battery, and public intimidation which he pled not guilty to all charges. Upon hearing the charges Davis stated, I havent had a drink in twenty five years. The officers were charged with battery and the use of severe force.All officers were released on attachment after making an appearance before the judge, pleading not guilty. African American Police headland Warren Riley stated that he did not believe race was a issue in the beating. Charges against Davis were dropped in April 2006. Robert Evangelist and Lance Schilling were fired for their involvement in the beating. Racial profiling inexplicably targets the African American community for no known investigations and enforcement which leads to a hindrance in community policing endeavors. These actions cause law enforcement to recidivate trustingness among the people they are to protect and serve.Many people depend on the police to protect them from effect and exhibit fairness and equality to all communities, yet many people live in fear. I never been in a situation that involved the New Orleans Police department besides in my research I find the department to very corrupt. Many of the officers are respectable individuals unless the dishonorable officers ruin the reputation for all. Many of the suspects that they victimize are Black individuals who are males. Even though the Police Chief stated that the incident of Robert Davis wasnt a race issue, Im for legitimate that it was.It shouldnt take four police officers to apprehend one suspect and to make mat ters worse, two of the officers were immobilise Mr. Davis down to accommodate the beating. More people should stand up for what they believe in to prevent racism from happening. In New Orleans, most citizens of the African American community live in fear because they know how corrupt the New Orleans Police Department is. If more people come together and aver about racism, brutality, and corruption a change will be brought forth. The New Orleans Police Department has always been known for their corruptive acts.Many of the officers target the African American communities and victimized individual for their own individual(prenominal) reasons. It is real clear the corruption of the police department is only getting worst being that no one of higher authority isnt taking on an improved way to handle these ruddy acts. New Orleans has the most brutality cases in the United States due ethnicity issues, and discrimination. African American citizens of New Orleans cant depend on the poli ce to protect them if they dont trust the police or have fear.

Pip wants to be a gentleman Essay

It was evident that he had nothing around him but the simplest necessaries, for everything that I remarked upon turned taboo to have been sent in on my account from the coffee-house or somewhere else. Another character who dis corresponds this note is Magwitch even though he is a convict, he is a good man. I believe too that he dragged one of his legs as if there were still a weight of iron on it, and that from spike to foot there was Convict in the very grain of the man but Magwitch is still a good man. This is a direct contrast with Mrs Joe for whom even her funeral was sham and pompous.I was much pie-eyed by the abject Pumblechook, who, universe behind me, persisted all the way as a delicate solicitude in arranging my streaming hatband, and smoothing my cloak. Newman describes how a neat gentlemans concern is to make 2 everyone at their ease and at home, and Herberts behavior is an example of this. When he sees Joe as he visits whisk in London, Joe is feeling uncomforta ble and out of place and Herbert tries to correct that by asking polite, free to understand questions, and, when it was still awkward, he left, to allow photograph and Joe to talk solely.He also comforts spud when he first comes to London by giving him some fruit, which he thinks he will be used to because he is from the country. Wemmick exhibits this trait too. He ensures that his father is always kept clean, cheerful, comfortable and well cargond for. He also has his house with a moat surrounding it because it makes his father feel secure when he leaves him for work. However, at work Wemmick acts very differently, he leaves his refined side behind and puts his business-like, postbox mouth on, as he remarked Walworth is one place, and the office is another.At one point when remove is asking his advice Wemmick even says that if smear had asked him the same question at home he would have answered completely differently. Whereas Jaggers is always the same official, business-like psyche at home and at work, he is always the lawyer and is very intimidating. True gentlemen will provided see and bring out the good in other people, Joe sees the good for example when he tells Pip about his father. Although Joes father often got drunk and beat Joes mother and Joe himself, Joe didnt grumble or try to make Pip feel sorry for him, he just said he were that good in his hart.Jaggers does not bring out the good in others. When Pip went for afternoon tea at Jaggerss house, the worst was brought out in him, and his companions, which led them to a sizeable argument Drummle, without whatsoever threat or model, pulled his hands out of his pockets, dropped his round shoulders, swore, took up a large glass, and would have flung it at his adversarys head . Although Pip doesnt exhibit many of the other traits of a gentleman, he is self-aware throughout the narrative.When Pip realizes that he loves Estella he can still admit to himself that she makes him miserable because she torments him and says to himself, Pip, what a fool you are Estella is also self-aware, she understands that Miss Havisham has made her into a heartless monster, and she explains this to Pip. You had not your little wits sharpened by their intriguing against you, suppressed and defenseless imposter of a woman. Dickens veritable gentlemen help people out and are modest about the favours they have done. As Newman says of a neat gentleman2 He makes light favours while he does them, and seems to be receiving when he is conferring. Pip illustrates this trait well. He arranges a place for business for Herbert. This is Pips first real act of generosity, though its wry because it is made with the money from his own benefactor. However, whenever Pumblechook does favours, he does them because he hopes for something in return. When he arranged for Pip to play at Miss Havishams, he is trying to ingratiate himself with Mrs Joe, and Pip, so when Pip gets money from Miss Havisham, Pip will feel obliged to give him a share as without Pumblechook it would never have happened.When Pip first moves to London to be a gentleman, everyone in his village thinks that Pumblechook is Pips patron, companion and promoter. This, of course, is not true as Pip would have rather Pumblechook had never tried to get him a job at Miss Havishams. Being sensitive must be an important factor of being a good person. Biddy displays this characteristic, as she relises how Pip has hurt Joe. However, she also tells us that Joe never complained of Pip, botheration him. Estella is very insensitive, although this isnt entirely her own fault.She says of Pip at the beginning of the novel, coarse hands and dull boots, which really offended, and affected Pip for the rest of his life. Although, she has got a spark of humanity in her as she keeps warning Pip not to fall in love with her. Like the star she is named after she always keeps frigidity and distant from Pip. Dickens gives Orlick as an exampl e of a completely evil character. Orlick take awayed Mrs Joe, and tried to murder Pip. He killed Mrs Joe when Pip was old enough to kill off his parents and gain his independence. Dickens doesnt penury us to understand Orlick, or feel a drop of sympathy for him.He is Pips alter ego, he does the things Pip would never dare do, or unconsciously thought. Dickens is showing us that if you have money, this does not necessarily make you a gentleman. Drummle is an obvious example that money and class alone do not make a gentleman. On the other hand, Joe and Herbert, who are poor, are the main examples of true gentlemen in the text they show the true qualities that compose a good person. Pip is a evolution character, and therefore changes from a small innocent little boy, into a snob, and then a much more than produce, wiser and sadder Pip develops at the end of the narrative.I feel that Pip is a gentleman though at the end, throughout he is self aware, and he has done favours to Herbe rt. With Magwitch there for Pip to care for and love, he managed to mature and grow out of the sham and elitist younger Pip. I think that all these qualities that make up a good person are definitely still relevant today. Just as the factors that constitute a good person are the same for the poor, as for the rich in Dickenss time, they are just as important to people now as they were then.If Joe or Herbert came into this century we would admire the gentlemanly characteristics in them, just as Pip saw the good in them in the nineteenth century. Bibliography 1. Newman, Newman on the Gentleman (1852) 2. Mahoney. J, Great Expectations for GCSE, Ashford Colour Press, Hampshire (1994). 1 Sarah Burton 10S 2nd January 2004 Show see only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be make in our GCSE Great Expectations section.

Human Resource Management; Challenges and Changes Essay

charitable Resource Management Ch anyenges and Changes - Essay ExampleThis is an HR challenge that one perceives because it keeps him out of touch with his family and makes him whole step alienated from his immediate social and family circles. Alan cannot be with his family whenever he needs to be, which is indeed something that does not go downwardly well of his association to the organization (Werling 2005). One can be certain that other employees feel the uniform way but do not express such feelings as they are bound to go on tight-lipped on their feelings, emotions and sentiments within the realms of the workplace. One can believe that finding an immediate solution to this anomaly by the HR is something that will go down well with a number of employees. It will give all of them a room to feel relaxed, so that they can give their best as far as their work manifestations are concerned. HR challenges like these pose as serious threats for the new entrants within any

Physical anthropology - A Feline Paternity Suit Assignment

Physical anthropology - A Feline Paternity eccentric - Assignment ExampleThen if the have 1 has GG or Gg then it will have in brief tail but when gg then it will have long tail. Therefore possible genotypes are GG, Gg and gg.From the selective schooling provided, pot 2 is almost exactly like its mother meaning that in almost every aspect, the mothers gene was dominant over the neighbors toot. It therefore means that the illustrated qualitys and phenotypes is exactly as that of the mother.For ticking, the kitten will give birth to two kids having agouti and the other one non-agouti since it has two dominant genes hereditary from the mother who is also agouti. Therefore the ratio will be 21.Looking at the phenotypes of the Kitten3 there is high chance that the gene of the father and mother was at balance in almost every aspect, especially when comparing it with Kitten2 which resemble the mother but has unalike phenotypes as that of Kitten3.In the case of agouti, the Kitten do es not resemble the mother therefore the trace outleting into this phenotype was from the father. In this case, the gene for non-agouti is N and that for agouti is n.For color density, the Kitten must have taken the trait of the father because we already know that the mother has dense color. Therefore in this case, let the gene for slew color be D and d for dilute color.The kitten is different from the mother based on the stripe color. The genetic information provided above shows that the mother has a stripe color of calamitous which contradicts with information regarding Kitten2 who we were told resemble the mother but still has brown stripes.Since the mother is an all black cat, it therefore means that during crossing over, the gene of the mother was recessive over that of the father and could not result in all black cat. It therefore stands that fathers gene for all white cat was dominant. Alternatively, there could be a possibility of co-dominant allele which will alter phen otype when they exist in heterozygous state.Lets refer to the

Comparison between Visual Thinking using Computer and Conventional Essay

Comparison between Visual Thinking utilize Computer and Conventional Media - Essay ExampleThis inquiry states that the utilisation of three-dimensional computer- help function has developed into a routine practice in most design fields including architecture, engine room, archaeology and conservation. Besides these professions, computer aided design has also found much use in science, technology and medical studies. A comparability of the concept contemporaries full point of design between computer-aided design and traditional design is a specially interesting field of break down. Research has been done into computer-aided conceptual design which has been undertaken with quite successful results adoptable to industrial design but the visual thinking undertaken when sketching has not been investigated to significant detail. A critical analysis of a study into the cognition and visual thinking of designers in computer-aided design and how this compares to received media concep t genesis is multipurpose in development of headways in the design of online learning environments. The study analysed here-in compares and contrasts computer-aided and conventional media in concept generation in design and whether there are each performance differences when using the 2. Narayan et al. defines computer-aided design as any type of design activity that makes use of a computer to develop, analyse or modify an engineering system. The designer creates an image on the computer using geometric elements including lines and circles. Manipulations on the image can thusly be undertaken through magnification, reduction in size and rotation or other methods until the desired adaptation is achieved. The impact of computer-aided design on traditional design has been grand with new areas being opened up including shape grammars, database system design, expert systems and knowledge-based systems (Won 2001, p. 320). The traditional theoretical design models can be applied in co mputer-aided design, for example the Pahl and Beitz model in which the steps involved are clarification of the task, conceptual design, embodiment of the design and finally detailing of the design (Jaquero 2009, pp. 1-3). Much of the research that has been undertaken has focused on the application of computer-aided design on later stages of the entire design process. There is however need for study into the concept generation stage of computer-aided design. The run for of Won and fellow researchers was based on computer-aided design and visual thinking with concept generation as the trouble statement. A critical analysis of this study in terms of the statement of the problem, research questions, hypothesis, methodology, results and data analyses and finally the conclusion go out be undertaken with an aim to obtain information that is important in the development and design of online learning environments. Statement of the Problem in the Study Wons study identifies the lack of res earch into cognitive thinking of designers in computer-aided design as a major antecedent of the problem statement for his study. The fact that computer-aided design is flourishing while research in sketching through conventional media-pen and paper is largely deficient is also identified as another major source of the problem statement (320). Research Questions A review of the study reveals that the major research question that guided the work was when designers use the computer as sketching media in the step of concept generation, will cognition and thinking be the same as when using conventional media? If there are differences between the two kinds of media, what kind of differences will there be? The authors also formulated a minor question for the study if designers use these two kinds of sketching media in the conception generation stage, will there be design performance differences? (Won et al. 2008, p. 320). Study butt and Hypothesis The authors identify their main objecti ve as a research into the

Performance Reviews Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

feat Reviews - Essay ExampleAn organization necessitates to measure capital punishment because it helps to determine if a function is prolific and where to focus energies on (Hendry, Woodward, Bradley & Perkins, 2000). It is essential to understand where to use the quantifiable data effectively thereby justifying the need for additional resources. While many believe an annual appraisal or attention is enough, according to Cascio (1995) it demands quotidian attention (cited by Connell & Nolan, 2004). Once a year has not been considered sufficient to identify and discuss ponder strategies and weaknesses of individuals or teams. Performance appraisals behave come under increased scrutiny in recent years. xc percent of the human resources executives are dissatisfied with the current performance appraisal system. Many argue that deficiency of objectivity in their completion, inappropriate timing of such a review and the lack of appropriate meaning have lead to their unpopularity among managers and subordinates alike. With diverse opinions available on this issue, this paper will explore the ineffectiveness of performance appraisal.The system of Performance Appraisals was introduced as it was expected to improve organizational efficiency and enhance productivity. Facilitating communication brook even help reduce employee uncertainty. Feedback is essential for employees as failure to win a feedback digest have negative implications. Without a system of feedback employees keep guessing whether they are on the right track or whether they should chart another course of path. A properly structured and applied appraisal system can help reduce distractions and promote an increased level of trust within the organization (Schraeder, Becton & Portis, 2007). PA systems provide a forum for collaboration in setting goals for the employees. During the appraisal when individual goals and objectives

Marketing Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

marketing Management - Essay ExampleMain line of Marriott Marriott internationalist Inc. operates and franchises hotels and lodging facilities worldwide (Marriott-a, 2010). Mr. Marriott has built a culture which is highly regarded and the company recognizes the value that they bring on to the organization. At present around 300,000 bulk are serving guests under the brand name Marriott and franchised properties throughout the world. Mr. Marriott shifted the companys business toughie from hotel ownership to franchising and property management. This allowed the company to accelerate growth and broaden his leadership. This brought up the Marriott International, a hotel management and a franchising company. The company is a leading lodging company with around 3,000 lodging properties in USA and 67 other countries (Marriott, 2011). Marriott International has almost 2300 franchised hotels. The company has won many awards with relation to franchise because of the contribution do to the International Franchise Association. Some of the awards include, 2006 Ronald E. Harrison Award by the IFA, Entrepreneurs of the year in 1984 to name a fewer (IFA, 2010). Presence of Marriott International JW Marriott Mexico City, Mexico Marriott International has presence in Mexico with its 5-star hotel offering luxurious and modern accommodation for blank as well as business travelers. It is located in Polanco district which has a historical splendor (Marriott International Inc-b, 2011). Marriott India In India, Marriott provides state-of-the-art meeting facilities, recreation facilities and personalized getaways in thirteen different cities (Marriott International Inc-c, 2011). China Hotel, a 5-Star Marriott Hotel Marriott has presence in Guangzhou city of China from which it is connected to Export-Import Fair complex, airport and displace (Marriott International Inc-d, 2011). Marriott Argentina Marriott International started its operations in Buenos Aires as Marriott Plaza ho tel in 1909 and has hosted a do of high profile people such as Charles de Gaulle, Theodore Roosevelt, Indira Gandhi etc (Marriott International Inc-e, 2011). Marketing assortment Marketing mix is a unique blend of product, price, promotions, offerings and distribution which are designed to meet the needs and essentials of the consumers (McDaniel & Gates, 1998, p.3). As the demand of the market changes, the marketing mix also needs to be revised. The company should follow to have a right product at the right price, in the right place and at the right time. In addition to four Ps there is other three other secondary comp wizardnts which is concerned with the redevelopment industry. Thus as the project is based upon service industry, therefore the marketing mix would deal with 7 Ps. They are harvest-festival Price Place Promotion People Physical evidence and Process (Stone, 2001, p.54). Product The core product of Marriott is the hotel rooms that they provide to its customers. The company has different kinds of brands such as Marriott hotels and resorts, Renaissance hotels, JW Marriott hotels and reports, Autographs line of battle to name a few (Marriott, 2011). The reason which made Marriott a strong brand is because the company has one concept but they make the concept work differently for different people thus, attracting huge quantity of customers. Place Marriott has been operating in many countries in about 68 countries and territories. Countries include USA,