State of Confusion Paper Essay Example for Free

raise of bewilderment Paper searchDetermining the difference between personal jurisdiction and subject matter jurisdiction will divine service to delimitate which location a lawsuit should be filed in. Defining interstate commerce and which level of governing body has the right to beam restrictions on the commerce is important when controverting a lawsuit. Understanding how lawsuits work as hale as what lawyers will try to introduce within the court will entirelyow the suspect to be able to better predict the knocked out(p)come of the lawsuit.Personal JurisdictionPersonal jurisdiction also cognize as personam jurisdiction is the courts authority over the parties involved in the difference of opinion (Melvin, S. P., 2011, p59). Personal jurisdiction, defined in this manner, the parties involved mass be a business or an individual. It is the courts responsibility to determine fairness to all parties involved while complying with the laws of the federal constitutional requirements. The court determines personal jurisdiction over a political companionship who lives in an another(prenominal) state by a state long-arm statute.The court essential determine if the out of state defendant, transacts business in the other state, commits a negligent act which leads to a loss to the other party, or owns property within the state (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p61). The court will look at Truckers lawsuit to determine if the realm of Confusions statute micturates a loss to Truckers business. The injurious execution will be taken into consideration at the lower courts level. Does the statute of the allege of Confusion cause an injurious effect on the Tanya Trucker a resident of the State of Denial? Subject payoff JurisdictionSubject matter jurisdiction is the courts authority over the dispute between the two parties (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p59). State courts are who handle any matter involving state statues, state common law or a state constitutional issue (Melv in, S.P., 2011, p60). The federal court will only hear matters in which abstract from a federal statute or regulation, federal common law, or an issue with the U.S. Constitution. Federal courts whitethorn also hear matters when the parties involved are from two different states or if the monetary amount is greater than $75,000 (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p 60). The federal government will only provide a ruling based on state law if the diversity of citizenship is used. Both subject matter jurisdiction and personal jurisdiction must be satisfied ahead the federal court will be able to hear the case.In Tanya Truckers case against the State of Confusion the trial should be held in the federal courts within the State of Denial. The keister for this belief is because the matter between the State of Denial and Tanya Trucker is the nonresident (Trucker) is alleging loss to her business by the State of Confusion, therefore, the federal court within the State of Denial will hear the case precis ely base the decision on the State of Confusions state statute as well as comprise the Commerce Powers as defined by the US Constitution.Legal IssuesTanya Truckers attorneys will argue the State of Confusion has spelled statues which attempt to regulate interstate commerce. The statue states all B-type truck hitches are required on all trucks which pass through the State of Confusion or the State requires the truck without the hitch to go around the State of Confusion therefore limiting the interstate commerce.This statue directly effects the Commerce clause of the US Constitution.The State of Confusion will argue the statue does not provide discriminatory laws on out of state business, the statue is a legitimate effort to regulate health, golosh, and welfare (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p35). The State of Confusion will further argue the statue allows for the safety of the B-type hitches allows the fellow commuters on the highway protection because of the safety of the hitch which is in stalled. The hitch will prevent accidents to other motorists on the highway. The statue allows the state to protect the commerce on the highway by requiring the hitch be installed on all vehicles which pass through the state.The research presented allows me to conclude the court will side in party favour of Tanya Trucker. The State of Confusion is discriminating against all trucks and towing trailers by forcing them to use a specific hitch or not pass through their state. This statue is in clear violation of the Commerce Clause set frontward in the US Constitution.Stages of a Civil SuitIn order to know the arranges of a well-behaved judicial proceeding it is important to know the definition of what civil litigation is. Civil litigation is a dispute resolution process where the parties and their counsel argue their view of a civil (noncriminal) controversy in a court of law (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p78). The stages of a civil litigation can overlap at times do the stages to become b lurred however, the stages help to allow the parties involved to understand the process and make sure a clear and concise resolution or ruling has been made. The stages of a civil litigation are, prelawsuit, standing, bang and mental process, resolution, counterclaim, motions, discovery, pretrial conference conference conference, and trial. Following these stages and going through each(prenominal) stage completely allows for an unbiased verdict either by judge or jury.PrelawsuitPrelawsuit is an informal demand from one party to another. Prelawsuit allows for the parties or their attorneys to get together and discuss the issue. Prelawsuit is each partys way of letting each other know what their demands are before a formal lawsuit is filed. This first step can help to resolve a descend of issues before the costly issue of suit follows.StandingStanding is one party asserting a claim they have suffered an injury if fact, harm that is direct, concrete, and individualized, and arti culates what legal redress exists to compensate for the injury (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p79-80). The standing officially tells the other party exactly what their conduct is doing to the economic interest of the business.Complaint and SummonsThe complaint and summons stage is also known as the pleadings stage. If no resolution in the informal stage can be attained then the formal proceeding begin with a complaint and summons. A complaint is the facts of the case in a formal matter which describes the liability and the defenses of the party (Melvin, S.P., 2011 p80). A summons is a formal notification to the defendant that s/he has been named in the lawsuit and informs them that an purpose must be filed within a certain period of time (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p80).AnswerAn answer is a formal memorandum which addresses each complaint from the defendant. This document usually states what each party agrees to and what each party still disputes. If the answer does not come in a timely matter th e other party can be held in default which will allow for the other party to automatically lose the suit.CounterclaimA counterclaim is a way for the plaintiff to assert a countersuit establishing their credibility and attesting to damages by the defendant for not following the statue. The counterclaim being filed gives the defendant the ball in their court. They must now answer to the countersuit in a timely manner or be held in default.MotionsA motion is a document filed by one party that requests court action in a matter pertaining to the litigation (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p84). A common motion filed in courts is the motion to dismiss.Discovery StageThe discovery stage allows each party to gather evidence to present in the pretrial conference and to be used in the trial. There are many different methods in the discovery stage. Depositions are common in this stage of discovery. Depositions are oral questions asked in front of a witness (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p84).Pretrial ConferenceA pr etrial conferences primary purpose is to encourage each party to agree to a settlement. If a settlement is reached the trial will not proceed. If a settlement is not reached then the parties will start for the trial. The pretrial conference is usually each party and their respective attorneys appearing before the judge.TrialA trial as defined by the text The Legal Environment of Business generally takes place in front of a judge as the finder of law and a jury as the finder of fact (Melvin, S.P., 2011, p86). There are many stages to trial such as jury pickaxe and opening, testimony and submission of evidence, closing arguments and charging the jury, deliberations and verdict, posttrial motions and appeals, and collecting the judgment. Trials can lead to a settlement when either party realizes they are found at fault prior to the verdict. A settlement can happen at any stage of the trial proceedings.ReferencesMelvin, S. P. (2011). The legal environment of business A managerial appr oach speculation to practice. New York, NY McGraw-Hill/Irwin.